Formula 41 for Benign Neoplasm of Brain/ Feb 11,2015
Composition:
身痛逐瘀湯 Shentong Zhuyu Tang 1.5g
炙甘草湯 zhi gan cao tang 3g
消風散 xiao feng san 5g
清瘟敗毒飲 Qing Wen Bai Du Yin 2g
天麻粉 tian ma powder 2g
肉桂粉 rou gui powder 0.3g
白蘚皮 bai xian pi 1.5g
半夏 ban xia 0.7g
茯苓(白) fu ling (bai) 0.8g
蒺藜(刺) ji li (ci) 1g
雙鉤藤 shuang gou teng 1.5g
Saturday, February 14, 2015
ICD9 705.83 pre-week
ICD9 705.83 pre-week/ Feb 4, 2015
Composition:
身痛逐瘀湯 Shentong Zhuyu Tang 2.5g
溫清飲 Wen Qing Yin 5g
天花粉 tian hua fen 1g
白蘚皮 bai xian pi 1.5g
半夏 ban xia 0.8g
竹茹 zhu ru 0.8g
牡丹皮 mu dan pi 0.9g
茯苓(白) fu ling (bai) 1g
蒺藜(刺) ji li (ci) 1.5g
Composition:
身痛逐瘀湯 Shentong Zhuyu Tang 2.5g
溫清飲 Wen Qing Yin 5g
天花粉 tian hua fen 1g
白蘚皮 bai xian pi 1.5g
半夏 ban xia 0.8g
竹茹 zhu ru 0.8g
牡丹皮 mu dan pi 0.9g
茯苓(白) fu ling (bai) 1g
蒺藜(刺) ji li (ci) 1.5g
xiao feng san 消風散
Application: Athlete's foot, contact dermatitis, eczema, fungal infection, psoriasis, purpura, severe itching (burning pain after scratching), urticaria , prurigo , allergic dermatitis, pityriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, (seborrhea, Seborrheic eczema), excoriation with bleeding, white or yellow coating (may be greasy) tongue, floating, forceful, rapid pulse.Composition:
jing jie 6 g，fang feng 6 g，niu bang zi 10 g，can tui 6 g，cang zhu 10 g，ku shen 10g，zhi mu 10 g，shi gao10 g，dang gui 10 g，sheng di huan 10 g，hu ma ren 10 g，bai zhi 6 g，qiang huo 6 g。
Add water and simmer for 45 minutes and use as tea. Use 2 to 3 prescription per week.
藥方名：消風散
主治： 治風熱上攻，頭目昏痛，項背拘急，鼻嚏聲重，腳癬，接觸性皮炎，濕疹，霉菌感染，銀痟病，紫斑，皮 膚瘙癢 （抓之更痛癢)，風疹， 癢疹，皮脂溢, 表皮脫落兼有出血 ，桃花癬 (糠疹，春季皮炎，過敏性皮炎，脂溢性皮炎), 舌苔色白或黄 或油膩，脉浮數而有力。
組成：荊芥 6克，防 風 6克，牛 蒡子 10克，蟬 蛻 6 克，蒼 朮 10克，苦 參 10克，知 母 10克，石 膏10克，當 歸 10克，生 地黃 10克，胡 麻仁 10克，白 芷6克，羌 活 6克。
加水煎 45 分鐘。 每周用 两， 三剤。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Shentong Zhuyu Tang 身痛逐瘀湯
Source︰Yi Lin Gai CuoIngredients︰
▪ Qin Jiao 3 g,
▪ Chuan Xiong 6 g,
▪ Tao Ren 9 g,
▪ Hong Hua 9 g,
▪ Qiang Huo 3 g,
▪ Gan Cao 6 g,
▪ Mo Yao 6 g,
▪ Dang Gui 9 g,
▪ Ling Zhi 6 g,
▪ Xiang Fu 3 g,
▪ Niu Xi 9 g,
▪ Di Long 6 g.
【Explanation】
Qin Jiao and Qiang Huo: Expelling wind and eliminating dampness.
Tao Ren, Hong Hua, Dang Gui and Chuan Xiong: Activating blood and eliminating blood stasis.
Mo Yao, Wu Ling Zhi, Xiang Fu: promoting the circulation of qi and blood, alleviating pain.
Niu Xi and Di Long: Unblocking collateral.
Gan Cao: Tempering the actions of all the ingredients.
Effect︰
Activate blood and eliminate stasis, expel wind and eliminate dampness, treat rheumatic arthritis and alleviate pain.
Indications︰
Lumbocrural pain, brachialgia, shoulder pain, ache all over, rheumatic arthritis with blood stasis.
Administration︰
Decoct in water for oral dose to be taken twice.
(by WWW.TCMWIKI.COM)
來源︰醫林改錯
【製法用量】秦艽3克、川芎6克、桃仁9克、紅花9克、甘草6克、羌活3克、沒藥6克、當歸9克、五靈脂6克、香附3克、牛膝9克、地龍6克。
【功效】活血祛瘀、疏風除濕、通痹止痛。
【主治】氣血瘀阻經絡所致肩臂疼痛，腰腿痛、或周身肌肉，關節疼痛，痛有定處，舌質紫暗或有瘀點，脈沈弦者。
【方義】痹痛經久不愈，氣血運行不暢，最易引起瘀血凝滯，故肢節按之更痛，唇舌青紫。方用桃仁、紅花、當歸、川芎、沒藥活血化瘀止痛；五靈脂、地龍祛瘀通絡；秦艽、羌活祛全身風濕；香附理氣止痛；牛膝強壯筋骨；甘草調和諸藥。組合成方，功能宣通氣血痹阻，治療久痛入絡。
【辨證要點】
1. 神經痛關節痛屬血瘀氣滯者。
2. 痛處固定。
3. 舌質紫或有瘀點。
4. 脈沈弦或沈澀。
【加減】
1. 偏於上肢者：加薑黃、防風、桂枝。
2. 偏於腰腿者：加獨活、川斷、牛膝、桑寄生。
3. 偏風痛流走者：加防風。
4. 偏寒掣痛甚者：加桂枝、細辛。
5. 偏濕著痛微腫者：加防己、薏苡仁、蒼朮。
6. 關節拘急屈伸不利：加伸筋草、全蠍、蜈蚣。
7. 挾濕熱關節紅腫：加蒼朮、黃柏、防己。
8. 久病氣虛：加人參、黃耆。
【現代應用】本方擴張血管，促進血液循環，鎮痛，消炎，抗風濕。用於肩周圍炎、五十肩、風濕性關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、神經痛、僵直性脊椎炎、肢體麻木、肌痛肌炎。
(by 醫砭‧沈藥子 )
Thursday, February 12, 2015
Wen Qing Yin 溫清飲
The Prescription of Wen Qing Yin 溫清飲
Source︰The book Wan Bing Hui Chun
Ingredients︰
▪ Dang Gui 4.5 g,
▪ Bai Shao 4.5 g,
▪ Shu Di Huang 4.5 g,
▪ Chuan Xiong 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Lian 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Qin 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Bo 4.5 g,
▪ Zhi Zi 4.5 g.
Explanation︰
▪ Shu Di: Nourishing the kidney, enriching blood and replenishing essence.
▪ Dang Gui: Soothing the liver and tonifying blood.
▪ Shao Yao: Astringing the liver to alleviate pain.
▪ Chuan Xiong: Promoting the circulation of blood and removing the stagnation of Qi, thus preventing other sticky-natured tonics in this prescription from bringing about the stagnation of Qi and blood.
▪ Huang Qin: Clearing the fire of upper-jiao.
▪ Huang Lian: Clearing the fire of middle-jiao.
▪ Huang Bo: Clearing the fire of lower-jiao.
▪ Zhi Zi: Clearing heat syndrome of heart, liver and stomach.
Effect︰Tonify blood and clear heat, regulate menstruation and remove toxicity.
Indications︰Abnormal menstruation, sores and boils, diabetes, unhealing aphtha, skin itch, uterine bleeding, abdominal pain.
Administration︰Decoct in water for oral dose to be taken on empty stomach.
(TCM Wiki site by WWW.TCMWIKI.COM)
方名︰溫清飲
來源︰沈氏尊生書
【製法用量】當歸、川芎、白芍、熟地、黃芩、黃柏、梔子、黃連。
【功效】清熱化濕、養血和營。
【主治】婦人濕熱下迫胞宮或如豆汁，血色相雜，其氣腐臭、面色萎黃、臍腹刺痛、寒熱往來，崩漏不止等。
【方義】本方係由黃連解毒湯合四物湯所組成。方中黃連、黃芩、黃柏、梔子即黃連解毒湯，清熱解毒，能通瀉三焦火毒、導邪熱從小便而出，而清化濕熱蘊結之毒。當歸、川芎、白芍、熟地即四物湯，能養血和營，活血調經暢通氣血。以四物湯溫養和營，黃連解毒湯清熱燥濕，溫清合用故名。
【加減】
1. 腹脹者：加陳皮。
2. 氣虛者：加人參、白朮、木香。
3. 心悸者：加茯苓。
4. 虛寒者：加乾薑。
5. 崩漏不止：加阿膠、艾葉。
6. 帶下陰癢：加金銀花、連翹、車前子、蛇床子。
7. 行經少腹痛：加陳皮、香附、延胡索。
【注意禁忌】脾胃虛寒者慎用。
【現代應用】卵巢炎、子宮內膜炎、宮頸炎、盆腔炎、功能性子宮出血、月經不調等屬濕熱下迫胞宮者可化裁應用。亦可應用於皮膚疾病如濕疹乾癬、蕁麻疹屬血虛熱鬱者。
(by 醫砭‧沈藥子 http://yibian.hopto.org/fang/?fno=723)
Source︰The book Wan Bing Hui ChunIngredients︰
▪ Dang Gui 4.5 g,
▪ Bai Shao 4.5 g,
▪ Shu Di Huang 4.5 g,
▪ Chuan Xiong 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Lian 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Qin 4.5 g,
▪ Huang Bo 4.5 g,
▪ Zhi Zi 4.5 g.
Explanation︰
▪ Shu Di: Nourishing the kidney, enriching blood and replenishing essence.
▪ Dang Gui: Soothing the liver and tonifying blood.
▪ Shao Yao: Astringing the liver to alleviate pain.
▪ Chuan Xiong: Promoting the circulation of blood and removing the stagnation of Qi, thus preventing other sticky-natured tonics in this prescription from bringing about the stagnation of Qi and blood.
▪ Huang Qin: Clearing the fire of upper-jiao.
▪ Huang Lian: Clearing the fire of middle-jiao.
▪ Huang Bo: Clearing the fire of lower-jiao.
▪ Zhi Zi: Clearing heat syndrome of heart, liver and stomach.
Effect︰Tonify blood and clear heat, regulate menstruation and remove toxicity.
Indications︰Abnormal menstruation, sores and boils, diabetes, unhealing aphtha, skin itch, uterine bleeding, abdominal pain.
Administration︰Decoct in water for oral dose to be taken on empty stomach.
(TCM Wiki site by WWW.TCMWIKI.COM)
方名︰溫清飲
來源︰沈氏尊生書
【製法用量】當歸、川芎、白芍、熟地、黃芩、黃柏、梔子、黃連。
【功效】清熱化濕、養血和營。
【主治】婦人濕熱下迫胞宮或如豆汁，血色相雜，其氣腐臭、面色萎黃、臍腹刺痛、寒熱往來，崩漏不止等。
【方義】本方係由黃連解毒湯合四物湯所組成。方中黃連、黃芩、黃柏、梔子即黃連解毒湯，清熱解毒，能通瀉三焦火毒、導邪熱從小便而出，而清化濕熱蘊結之毒。當歸、川芎、白芍、熟地即四物湯，能養血和營，活血調經暢通氣血。以四物湯溫養和營，黃連解毒湯清熱燥濕，溫清合用故名。
【加減】
1. 腹脹者：加陳皮。
2. 氣虛者：加人參、白朮、木香。
3. 心悸者：加茯苓。
4. 虛寒者：加乾薑。
5. 崩漏不止：加阿膠、艾葉。
6. 帶下陰癢：加金銀花、連翹、車前子、蛇床子。
7. 行經少腹痛：加陳皮、香附、延胡索。
【注意禁忌】脾胃虛寒者慎用。
【現代應用】卵巢炎、子宮內膜炎、宮頸炎、盆腔炎、功能性子宮出血、月經不調等屬濕熱下迫胞宮者可化裁應用。亦可應用於皮膚疾病如濕疹乾癬、蕁麻疹屬血虛熱鬱者。
(by 醫砭‧沈藥子 http://yibian.hopto.org/fang/?fno=723)
Sunday, February 8, 2015
tian hua fen 天花粉
Pharmaceutical name 英文药名：
Radix Trichosanthis
Semen Trichosanthis
Pericarpium Trichosanthis
Biological name 拉丁學名：Trichosanthes kirilowii, Maxim, or Trichosanthes japonica, Regel.
Other Names 別名：
tian hua fen originally was called gua lou gen, also called hua fen.
原名括簍根，栝樓根， 簡稱花粉
Common Name 英文名：
trichosanthes root, Chinese cucumber root
Distribution 分佈：
throughout China, especially in Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi
全中國，尤其是山東， 河北，山西，陕西。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
root: sweet, slightly bitter, slightly cold
瓜蔞根：味甘微苦酸微寒
gua lou pi (pericardium trichosanthis): carmel like kind of smell, bland, slightly sour.
瓜蔞皮：具焦糖氣，味淡、微酸。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
lung, stomach
歸肺、胃經
Actions & Indications:
Clears lung heat, dissolves phlegm, for cough with thick phlegm, rid of toxicity, expels pus; for treatment of chlorion epithelioma, hydatidiform mole.
用於熱病煩渴， 肺熱燥咳， 內熱消渴 ， 瘡瘍腫毒﹐治絨毛膜上皮癌及惡性葡萄胎。
Modern Applications 現代應用:
hydatidiform tumor 葡萄胎腫瘤:
tian zao combination formula: tian hua fen 60mg, ya zao jiao 25 mg ground into fine powder and put into capsules. Insert into vagina once every 5 to 7 day. Treated 7 patients. Those had hydatiform tumors, 5 patients, all healed. 2 patients with chorion-epothelioma (絨癌 ), not effective. Using tian zao combination formula and chemo therapy: 19 patients, healed 13, ineffective 6. Using tian zao combination formula and chemo therapy plus surgery: 65 patients, healed 54, ineffective 11. [4]
Medical Function 藥理﹕
1. Tian hua fen effects on the cardiovascular system:
Tian hua fen can increase coronary blood flow. Injectiones of trichosanthes bark (gua lou pi) decoction and alcohol precipitation concentrates on in vitro guinea pig hearts can expand coronary artery and can empower coronary blood flow by about 60% on acute myocardial ischemia and can have a significant protective effect. The strength of coronary artery expansion effect of the different parts of the herb is: Trichosanthes skin> gua lou xiang> Trichosanthes sub> Trichosanthes Ren> Trichosanthes shell.
Tian hua fen have antiarrhythmic effects.
Tian hua fen can inhibit cardiac function.
2. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce heart rate, left ventricular pressure peak, dp / dtmax, Rdp / dtmaxVmax and Vpm other indicators, but also significantly reduce arterial pressure peak, DPB and MAP.
3. Tian hua fen has expectorant effect. The active ingredient is the total amino acids of the skin of the fruit.
4. Tian hua fen has purgative effects: the intensity is Trichosanthes Ren> Trichosanthes skin> Tian hua fen cream.
5. Tian hua fen possesses anticancer effects.
6. Tian hua fen possesses hypoxia tolerance.
7. Tian hua fen on the blood system: Tian hua fen inhibits platelet aggregation, and its active ingredient is tian hua fen acids. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce the hematocrit and blood viscosity.
8. Tian hua fen can elevated blood sugar.
9. Tian hua fen can inhibit intestinal contractions.
10. Tian hua fen possesses antibacterial effect on a variety of bacteria, bacteria and Audubon Ang's small spores rubrum
11. Anti HIV effect.
12. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce gastric acid secretion and gastric acid concentration, and have anti-ulcer effect, but also reduce ulcers caused by acid.
13. Tian hua fen effects on macrophages: administered at low concentrations, Tian hua fen can enhance the role of macrophages, but at high concentrations of short duration it also show enhancing effect but for a long duration (72 hours) it can cause damage to the macrophages.
14. Tian hua fen has anti-aging effect
15. Tian hua fen possesses the effects of abortion and inducing delivery
16. In large dosage and prolong administering it can inhibit the imumme system.
17. Anti-cancer effect
18. Inhibits protein synthesis
瓜蔞對心血管系統的作用：
瓜蔞可增加冠脈流量。瓜蔞皮水煎醇沉濃縮劑瓜蔞注射液對豚鼠離體心臟均有擴張冠脈作用，能使冠脈血流量增加約60%，對大鼠急性心肌缺血有明顯的保護作用 。其不同部位擴冠作用強度是：瓜蔞皮＞瓜蔞霜＞瓜蔞子＞瓜蔞仁＞瓜蔞殼。
瓜蔞有抗心律失常作用 。
瓜蔞對心功能有抑制作 用。
瓜蔞可顯著降低心律、左室內壓峰值、dp/dtmax、Rdp/dtmaxVmax及Vpm等指標，還能顯著降低動脈壓峰值、DPB和MAP。
瓜蔞有祛痰作用，其有效成分是從瓜蔞皮中分得的總氨基酸。
瓜蔞有瀉下作用，強度 是瓜蔞仁＞瓜蔞皮＞瓜蔞霜。
瓜蔞有抗癌作用。
瓜蔞有耐缺氧作用。
瓜蔞對血液系統的影響 ：瓜蔞有抑制血小板聚集作用，其有效成分是瓜蔞酸。瓜蔞可明顯降低紅細胞壓積及血液粘度。
瓜蔞有升高血糖的作用 。
瓜蔞有抑制腸管收縮的 作用。
瓜蔞有抗菌作用，對多 種球菌、桿菌及奧杜盎氏小芽孢癬菌等有一定抑制作用。
瓜蔞能明顯降低大鼠胃 酸分泌及胃酸的濃度，有抗潰瘍作用，還能減輕乙酸引起的潰瘍。
瓜蔞對巨噬細胞的影響 ：在低濃度給藥條件下，瓜蔞對巨噬細胞有促進作用，高濃度短時間內也表現為促進作用，而長時間（72小時）後則呈損傷狀態。大劑量可能抑制免疫系統。
抗癌作用
抑制蛋白質生成。
瓜蔞有延緩衰老作用
抗人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)
Chemical ingredients 化學成份：
1. Protein (蛋白質)
a. Trichosanthin (天花粉蛋白)with molecule weight of 24,000, and the isoelectric point (等電點 ) is 9.4, is a simple protein that does not possess phosphorous acid groups. Trichosanthin is being used clinically in inducing delivery and it possesses effects of anti hydatiform tumor (葡萄胎 ) and HIV.
b. Karasurin (堕胎蛋白)with molecule weight of 28,000, possesses the effects of abortion and inducing delivery in pregnant laboratory mice. It also inhibits the imumme system
c. α-momorcharin (α-苦瓜素), molecule weight 29,000 and beta-momorcharin, molecule weight 28,000, both contain 1.6% and 1.3% of neutral sugar. Like trichosanthin, they also contain asparagic acid (天 冬氨酸)and glutamic acid (麩氨酸), and do not contain cysteine (半胱氨酸 ).
2. Polysaccharides (多糖類)
a. It is a source of calories. It improves the imumme system, and possesses effects of anti cancer and the toxic activities from the cells. The multi-sugar consists of glucose(葡萄糖), fruitose (果糖), cerebrose (半乳糖 )， mannose (甘露糖 ), xylose (木糖 ) and small amount of protein.
3. Plant Agglutinin (凝集素)
a. TK I, TK II, TK II
4. Enzyme (酶)
5. Amino Acids (氨基酸)
6. Others (其他): β-sitosterol, α-spinasteryl-beta-D-glucoside, α-spinasterol- palmitate, ∆-7-stigmastenol-6'-(Z,z)-9,12-octadecadienoyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside,
7. Newly isolated: 1-deoxy-1-[2'-oxo-1'-pyrrolidinyl]-2-n-butyl-α-fructofuranoside and isoarvenin III (異海綠甾苷） [1]
Dosage 用量：9 - 15 g
Samples of formulae 處方舉例：
◇ chai hu gui zhi gan jiang tang 柴胡桂枝乾薑湯
◇ San Zhong Kui Jian Tang 散腫潰堅湯
Cautions 禁忌：
not to be used by pregnant women or in cases of pixu (speen deficient) or weixu (stomach deficient)。
Large dosages and/or long term usage can be toxic to kidneys.
懷孕或脾 虛者忌用。大劑量或長期服用可能對腎臟有毒。
Source (in Chinese)：Zhong Hua Ben Cao 中華本， Zhong Yao Da zhi Dian 中藥大辭典。
Noted:
[1] J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(6):528-32. doi: 10.1080/10286020.2012.672410
Hydatidiform tumor Alternative Names﹕ hydatidiform mole, trophoblastic disease, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Definition:
A hydatidiform tumor occurs when a fetus is not able to fully form in the uterus and the fetal tissue becomes a tumor.
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)
Radix TrichosanthisSemen Trichosanthis
Pericarpium Trichosanthis
Biological name 拉丁學名：Trichosanthes kirilowii, Maxim, or Trichosanthes japonica, Regel.
Other Names 別名：
tian hua fen originally was called gua lou gen, also called hua fen.
原名括簍根，栝樓根， 簡稱花粉
Common Name 英文名：
trichosanthes root, Chinese cucumber root
Distribution 分佈：
throughout China, especially in Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi
全中國，尤其是山東， 河北，山西，陕西。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
root: sweet, slightly bitter, slightly cold
瓜蔞根：味甘微苦酸微寒
gua lou pi (pericardium trichosanthis): carmel like kind of smell, bland, slightly sour.
瓜蔞皮：具焦糖氣，味淡、微酸。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
lung, stomach
歸肺、胃經
Actions & Indications:
Clears lung heat, dissolves phlegm, for cough with thick phlegm, rid of toxicity, expels pus; for treatment of chlorion epithelioma, hydatidiform mole.
用於熱病煩渴， 肺熱燥咳， 內熱消渴 ， 瘡瘍腫毒﹐治絨毛膜上皮癌及惡性葡萄胎。
Modern Applications 現代應用:
hydatidiform tumor 葡萄胎腫瘤:
tian zao combination formula: tian hua fen 60mg, ya zao jiao 25 mg ground into fine powder and put into capsules. Insert into vagina once every 5 to 7 day. Treated 7 patients. Those had hydatiform tumors, 5 patients, all healed. 2 patients with chorion-epothelioma (絨癌 ), not effective. Using tian zao combination formula and chemo therapy: 19 patients, healed 13, ineffective 6. Using tian zao combination formula and chemo therapy plus surgery: 65 patients, healed 54, ineffective 11. [4]
Medical Function 藥理﹕
1. Tian hua fen effects on the cardiovascular system:
Tian hua fen can increase coronary blood flow. Injectiones of trichosanthes bark (gua lou pi) decoction and alcohol precipitation concentrates on in vitro guinea pig hearts can expand coronary artery and can empower coronary blood flow by about 60% on acute myocardial ischemia and can have a significant protective effect. The strength of coronary artery expansion effect of the different parts of the herb is: Trichosanthes skin> gua lou xiang> Trichosanthes sub> Trichosanthes Ren> Trichosanthes shell.
Tian hua fen have antiarrhythmic effects.
Tian hua fen can inhibit cardiac function.
2. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce heart rate, left ventricular pressure peak, dp / dtmax, Rdp / dtmaxVmax and Vpm other indicators, but also significantly reduce arterial pressure peak, DPB and MAP.
3. Tian hua fen has expectorant effect. The active ingredient is the total amino acids of the skin of the fruit.
4. Tian hua fen has purgative effects: the intensity is Trichosanthes Ren> Trichosanthes skin> Tian hua fen cream.
5. Tian hua fen possesses anticancer effects.
6. Tian hua fen possesses hypoxia tolerance.
7. Tian hua fen on the blood system: Tian hua fen inhibits platelet aggregation, and its active ingredient is tian hua fen acids. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce the hematocrit and blood viscosity.
8. Tian hua fen can elevated blood sugar.
9. Tian hua fen can inhibit intestinal contractions.
10. Tian hua fen possesses antibacterial effect on a variety of bacteria, bacteria and Audubon Ang's small spores rubrum
11. Anti HIV effect.
12. Tian hua fen can significantly reduce gastric acid secretion and gastric acid concentration, and have anti-ulcer effect, but also reduce ulcers caused by acid.
13. Tian hua fen effects on macrophages: administered at low concentrations, Tian hua fen can enhance the role of macrophages, but at high concentrations of short duration it also show enhancing effect but for a long duration (72 hours) it can cause damage to the macrophages.
14. Tian hua fen has anti-aging effect
15. Tian hua fen possesses the effects of abortion and inducing delivery
16. In large dosage and prolong administering it can inhibit the imumme system.
17. Anti-cancer effect
18. Inhibits protein synthesis
瓜蔞對心血管系統的作用：
瓜蔞可增加冠脈流量。瓜蔞皮水煎醇沉濃縮劑瓜蔞注射液對豚鼠離體心臟均有擴張冠脈作用，能使冠脈血流量增加約60%，對大鼠急性心肌缺血有明顯的保護作用 。其不同部位擴冠作用強度是：瓜蔞皮＞瓜蔞霜＞瓜蔞子＞瓜蔞仁＞瓜蔞殼。
瓜蔞有抗心律失常作用 。
瓜蔞對心功能有抑制作 用。
瓜蔞可顯著降低心律、左室內壓峰值、dp/dtmax、Rdp/dtmaxVmax及Vpm等指標，還能顯著降低動脈壓峰值、DPB和MAP。
瓜蔞有祛痰作用，其有效成分是從瓜蔞皮中分得的總氨基酸。
瓜蔞有瀉下作用，強度 是瓜蔞仁＞瓜蔞皮＞瓜蔞霜。
瓜蔞有抗癌作用。
瓜蔞有耐缺氧作用。
瓜蔞對血液系統的影響 ：瓜蔞有抑制血小板聚集作用，其有效成分是瓜蔞酸。瓜蔞可明顯降低紅細胞壓積及血液粘度。
瓜蔞有升高血糖的作用 。
瓜蔞有抑制腸管收縮的 作用。
瓜蔞有抗菌作用，對多 種球菌、桿菌及奧杜盎氏小芽孢癬菌等有一定抑制作用。
瓜蔞能明顯降低大鼠胃 酸分泌及胃酸的濃度，有抗潰瘍作用，還能減輕乙酸引起的潰瘍。
瓜蔞對巨噬細胞的影響 ：在低濃度給藥條件下，瓜蔞對巨噬細胞有促進作用，高濃度短時間內也表現為促進作用，而長時間（72小時）後則呈損傷狀態。大劑量可能抑制免疫系統。
抗癌作用
抑制蛋白質生成。
瓜蔞有延緩衰老作用
抗人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)
Chemical ingredients 化學成份：
1. Protein (蛋白質)
a. Trichosanthin (天花粉蛋白)with molecule weight of 24,000, and the isoelectric point (等電點 ) is 9.4, is a simple protein that does not possess phosphorous acid groups. Trichosanthin is being used clinically in inducing delivery and it possesses effects of anti hydatiform tumor (葡萄胎 ) and HIV.
b. Karasurin (堕胎蛋白)with molecule weight of 28,000, possesses the effects of abortion and inducing delivery in pregnant laboratory mice. It also inhibits the imumme system
c. α-momorcharin (α-苦瓜素), molecule weight 29,000 and beta-momorcharin, molecule weight 28,000, both contain 1.6% and 1.3% of neutral sugar. Like trichosanthin, they also contain asparagic acid (天 冬氨酸)and glutamic acid (麩氨酸), and do not contain cysteine (半胱氨酸 ).
2. Polysaccharides (多糖類)
a. It is a source of calories. It improves the imumme system, and possesses effects of anti cancer and the toxic activities from the cells. The multi-sugar consists of glucose(葡萄糖), fruitose (果糖), cerebrose (半乳糖 )， mannose (甘露糖 ), xylose (木糖 ) and small amount of protein.
3. Plant Agglutinin (凝集素)
a. TK I, TK II, TK II
4. Enzyme (酶)
5. Amino Acids (氨基酸)
6. Others (其他): β-sitosterol, α-spinasteryl-beta-D-glucoside, α-spinasterol- palmitate, ∆-7-stigmastenol-6'-(Z,z)-9,12-octadecadienoyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside,
7. Newly isolated: 1-deoxy-1-[2'-oxo-1'-pyrrolidinyl]-2-n-butyl-α-fructofuranoside and isoarvenin III (異海綠甾苷） [1]
Dosage 用量：9 - 15 g
Samples of formulae 處方舉例：
◇ chai hu gui zhi gan jiang tang 柴胡桂枝乾薑湯
◇ San Zhong Kui Jian Tang 散腫潰堅湯
Cautions 禁忌：
not to be used by pregnant women or in cases of pixu (speen deficient) or weixu (stomach deficient)。
Large dosages and/or long term usage can be toxic to kidneys.
懷孕或脾 虛者忌用。大劑量或長期服用可能對腎臟有毒。
Source (in Chinese)：Zhong Hua Ben Cao 中華本， Zhong Yao Da zhi Dian 中藥大辭典。
Noted:
[1] J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(6):528-32. doi: 10.1080/10286020.2012.672410
Hydatidiform tumor Alternative Names﹕ hydatidiform mole, trophoblastic disease, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Definition:
A hydatidiform tumor occurs when a fetus is not able to fully form in the uterus and the fetal tissue becomes a tumor.
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)
bai xian pi 白鮮皮
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Dictamni Radicis Cortex.
Botanical name 學名﹕
Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. (Korean bai xian 朝鮮白鮮)
Dictamnus albus L.
Skimmia repens
Other Names 別名﹕bei xian pi 北鮮皮、shan mu dan 山牡丹、bai tan 白膻
Common Name 英文名﹕burning bush root
Distribution 產地﹕
Mainly in Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, also in Heilongjiang.
主產: 遼寧 、河北、山東 ；江蘇 、山西、内蒙古、吉林、黑龍江也有生產 。 。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
bitter, cold.
苦，寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
spleen, stomach, bladder.
歸脾、胃、膀胱經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
Antifungal effect
Stimulatory effect on heart and increases cardiac output of frogs. Marked vasospastic (constriction of blood vessels) effect on rabbit aural blood vessels.
Effect on smooth muscle: stimulates the smooth muscles of the uterus of rabbits and guinea pigs.
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
wet type of eczema, rashes, ringworm, jaundice with dark urine.
功能 清熱燥濕，祛風解毒。 用于濕熱瘡毒，黃水淋漓，濕疹，風疹， 疥癬瘡癩，風濕熱痹，黃疸尿赤。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
Roots contain 根含:
dictamnine 白鮮鹼
skimmianine 茵芋鹼
γ-fagarine γ-崖椒鹼
preskimmianine 前茵芋鹼
isomaculosindine 異斑沸林草鹼
limonin 檸檬苦素
dictamnolactone 白鮮內酯
obakunone 黃柏酮
dasycarpamin 白鮮明鹼
obacunonic acid 黃柏酮酸
fraxinellone 梣酮
trigonelline 胡蘆巴鹼
choline 膽鹼
b-stosterol b -穀甾醇
acidic substances 酸性物質
saponins 皂甙
Whole plant contains 全株尚含:
aurapten 葡萄柚內酯
bergapten 香檸檬內酯
Portion above ground contains 地上部分還含:
psoralen 補骨脂內酯
xanthotoxin 花椒毒素
evaporating oil 揮發油
Dosage 用量﹕
4.5 g to 20 g. Concentrated extract 0.5 to 2 g. External use: appropriate amount. Boil with water and wash the affect area or make into powder and apply on affected area.
4.5～10克 ；濃縮中藥：0.5～2 克。外用適 量 ，煎湯 洗或研粉敷。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
For eczema, itchy rash: di fu zi15 g, bai xian pi 9 g, chuan bi bo 12 g, ku shen , ye ju hua 98 g each, sheng di huang 12 g, chi shao yao, dang gui 9 g each. Make into decoction with water. Drink as tea.
治濕疹，癢疹： 地膚子 15g， 白蘚皮 9g，川萆薄12g，苦 參、野 菊 花 各98g，生 地黃12g，赤 芍、當 歸 各9g。 水煎服。(《 中藥臨床應用》除濕消疹湯)
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
not to use in cases of cold from deficiency.
虚寒者忌用。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Botanical name 學名﹕
Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz. (Korean bai xian 朝鮮白鮮)
Dictamnus albus L.
Skimmia repens
Other Names 別名﹕bei xian pi 北鮮皮、shan mu dan 山牡丹、bai tan 白膻
Common Name 英文名﹕burning bush root
Distribution 產地﹕
Mainly in Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, also in Heilongjiang.
主產: 遼寧 、河北、山東 ；江蘇 、山西、内蒙古、吉林、黑龍江也有生產 。 。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
bitter, cold.
苦，寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
spleen, stomach, bladder.
歸脾、胃、膀胱經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
Antifungal effect
Stimulatory effect on heart and increases cardiac output of frogs. Marked vasospastic (constriction of blood vessels) effect on rabbit aural blood vessels.
Effect on smooth muscle: stimulates the smooth muscles of the uterus of rabbits and guinea pigs.
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
wet type of eczema, rashes, ringworm, jaundice with dark urine.
功能 清熱燥濕，祛風解毒。 用于濕熱瘡毒，黃水淋漓，濕疹，風疹， 疥癬瘡癩，風濕熱痹，黃疸尿赤。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
Roots contain 根含:
dictamnine 白鮮鹼skimmianine 茵芋鹼
γ-fagarine γ-崖椒鹼
preskimmianine 前茵芋鹼
isomaculosindine 異斑沸林草鹼
limonin 檸檬苦素
dictamnolactone 白鮮內酯
obakunone 黃柏酮
dasycarpamin 白鮮明鹼
obacunonic acid 黃柏酮酸
fraxinellone 梣酮
trigonelline 胡蘆巴鹼
choline 膽鹼
b-stosterol b -穀甾醇
acidic substances 酸性物質
saponins 皂甙
Whole plant contains 全株尚含:
aurapten 葡萄柚內酯
bergapten 香檸檬內酯
Portion above ground contains 地上部分還含:
psoralen 補骨脂內酯
xanthotoxin 花椒毒素
evaporating oil 揮發油
Dosage 用量﹕
4.5 g to 20 g. Concentrated extract 0.5 to 2 g. External use: appropriate amount. Boil with water and wash the affect area or make into powder and apply on affected area.
4.5～10克 ；濃縮中藥：0.5～2 克。外用適 量 ，煎湯 洗或研粉敷。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
For eczema, itchy rash: di fu zi15 g, bai xian pi 9 g, chuan bi bo 12 g, ku shen , ye ju hua 98 g each, sheng di huang 12 g, chi shao yao, dang gui 9 g each. Make into decoction with water. Drink as tea.
治濕疹，癢疹： 地膚子 15g， 白蘚皮 9g，川萆薄12g，苦 參、野 菊 花 各98g，生 地黃12g，赤 芍、當 歸 各9g。 水煎服。(《 中藥臨床應用》除濕消疹湯)
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
not to use in cases of cold from deficiency.
虚寒者忌用。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
zhu ru 竹茹
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Caulis Bambusae In Taeniis
Biological name 拉丁文學名﹕
1. Bambusa tuldoides Munro(青稈竹)
2. Sinocalamus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure var. pubescens P.F.Li (大頭典竹)
3. Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis Stapf (淡竹)
Other Names 別名﹕zhu pi 竹皮，dan zhu pi ru 淡竹皮茹，qing zhu ru 青竹茹，dan zhu ru 淡竹茹，ma ba 麻巴，zhu er qing 竹二青，zhu zi qing 竹子青。
Common Name 英文名﹕bambu stem inner shaving
Distribution 產地 ﹕
in all provinces of southern part of China. Mainly produced in Henan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangsu.
中國南方各省均產。主產於河南密 縣、禹縣；廣東南海、佛山；四川樂山、華陽、溫江；江蘇鎮江、靖江、泰州等地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
sweet, slightly cold.
甘，微寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
lung, stomach, liver
肺 ，胃，肝三經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
In vitro, it showed that zhu ru posseses inhibiting effect on Staphylococcus albus, Hay bacillus, Bacillus coli and typhoid bacillus.
在體外試驗，竹茹有抑制白色葡萄球菌，枯草桿菌，大腸桿菌，傷寒桿菌之作用。
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
□ Actions & Indications:
□ cough with syndrome of hot phlegm
□ vomiting with heat and discomfort syndrome
□ insomnia with palpitation
□ stroke with speech difficulty
□ nausea during pregnancy
□ fetus excessive movements
□ heavy bleeding of vagina not during menses
□ blood in urine
□ epilepsy of small children
□ 痰熱咳嗽，
□ 煩熱或胃熱嘔吐，
□ 驚悸失眠，
□ 中風痰迷，舌强不語，
□ 妊娠惡阻，
□ 胎動不安﹐
□ 崩漏 ，
□ 尿血 ，
□ 小兒驚癇 。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份【1】~
tannins 單寧
saponins 皂素
organic acid 有機酸
reducing sugar 還原糖
tripentenes 三萜類
amino acids 氨基酸:
asparagic acid 天冬氨酸
arginine 精氨酸
threonine 蘇氨酸
serine 丝氨酸
glutamic acid 穀氨酸
glycine 甘氨酸
alnine 丙氨酸
valine 纈草胺酸
methionone 蛋氨酸
leucine 亮氨酸
isoleucine 異亮氨酸
tyrosine 酪氨酸
phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸
lysine 赖氨酸
hitidine 组氨酸
proline 脯氨酸
Also contains 還有：
glucose 葡萄糖
fructose 果糖
sucrose 蔗糖
Guaiacol 愈創木酚
methylphenol (cresol) 甲酚
phenol 苯酚（石炭酸 ）
formic acid 甲酸
acetic acid 乙酸
benzoic acid 苯甲酸（安息香酸）
Salicylic acid 水揚酸
syringaldehyde 丁香醛
coniferylaldehyde 松柏醛
Dosage 用量﹕4.5～9g.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例 ﹕
◇ wen dan tang 温膽湯
◇ ju pi zhu ru tang 橘皮竹茹湯
Treatment for lung heat type of cough with yellow phlegm: make decoction of 10 g of zhu ru. Drink as tea.
治肺熱咳嗽，咳吐黄痰：用竹茹10 克煎水服。(上海常用草药）
Cautions 禁忌﹕
do not use in cases of cold phlegm, pixu (spleen deficient) with loose stool..
寒痰 ，脾 虛胃寒，及便溏者忌用。(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Noted:
本品為禾本科植物青桿竹Bambusa tuldoides Munro，大頭典竹Sinocalamus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure var. pubescens P.F.Li 或淡竹Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis Stapf 的茎桿的乾燥中間層
【1】周兆祥，天 然産物的研究與開發。1992；4（1);44
乔章星等，中药炮制學杂志，1993；28（1);18
李平山等，中草药，1984；15 (1); 3
Biological name 拉丁文學名﹕
1. Bambusa tuldoides Munro(青稈竹)
2. Sinocalamus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure var. pubescens P.F.Li (大頭典竹)
3. Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis Stapf (淡竹)
Other Names 別名﹕zhu pi 竹皮，dan zhu pi ru 淡竹皮茹，qing zhu ru 青竹茹，dan zhu ru 淡竹茹，ma ba 麻巴，zhu er qing 竹二青，zhu zi qing 竹子青。
Common Name 英文名﹕bambu stem inner shaving
Distribution 產地 ﹕
in all provinces of southern part of China. Mainly produced in Henan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangsu.
中國南方各省均產。主產於河南密 縣、禹縣；廣東南海、佛山；四川樂山、華陽、溫江；江蘇鎮江、靖江、泰州等地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
sweet, slightly cold.
甘，微寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
lung, stomach, liver
肺 ，胃，肝三經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
In vitro, it showed that zhu ru posseses inhibiting effect on Staphylococcus albus, Hay bacillus, Bacillus coli and typhoid bacillus.
在體外試驗，竹茹有抑制白色葡萄球菌，枯草桿菌，大腸桿菌，傷寒桿菌之作用。
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
□ Actions & Indications:
□ cough with syndrome of hot phlegm
□ vomiting with heat and discomfort syndrome
□ insomnia with palpitation
□ stroke with speech difficulty
□ nausea during pregnancy
□ fetus excessive movements
□ heavy bleeding of vagina not during menses
□ blood in urine
□ epilepsy of small children
□ 痰熱咳嗽，
□ 煩熱或胃熱嘔吐，
□ 驚悸失眠，
□ 中風痰迷，舌强不語，
□ 妊娠惡阻，
□ 胎動不安﹐
□ 崩漏 ，
□ 尿血 ，
□ 小兒驚癇 。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份【1】~
tannins 單寧saponins 皂素
organic acid 有機酸
reducing sugar 還原糖
tripentenes 三萜類
amino acids 氨基酸:
asparagic acid 天冬氨酸
arginine 精氨酸
threonine 蘇氨酸
serine 丝氨酸
glutamic acid 穀氨酸
glycine 甘氨酸
alnine 丙氨酸
valine 纈草胺酸
methionone 蛋氨酸
leucine 亮氨酸
isoleucine 異亮氨酸
tyrosine 酪氨酸
phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸
lysine 赖氨酸
hitidine 组氨酸
proline 脯氨酸
Also contains 還有：
glucose 葡萄糖
fructose 果糖
sucrose 蔗糖
Guaiacol 愈創木酚
methylphenol (cresol) 甲酚
phenol 苯酚（石炭酸 ）
formic acid 甲酸
acetic acid 乙酸
benzoic acid 苯甲酸（安息香酸）
Salicylic acid 水揚酸
syringaldehyde 丁香醛
coniferylaldehyde 松柏醛
Dosage 用量﹕4.5～9g.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例 ﹕
◇ wen dan tang 温膽湯
◇ ju pi zhu ru tang 橘皮竹茹湯
Treatment for lung heat type of cough with yellow phlegm: make decoction of 10 g of zhu ru. Drink as tea.
治肺熱咳嗽，咳吐黄痰：用竹茹10 克煎水服。(上海常用草药）
Cautions 禁忌﹕
do not use in cases of cold phlegm, pixu (spleen deficient) with loose stool..
寒痰 ，脾 虛胃寒，及便溏者忌用。(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Noted:
本品為禾本科植物青桿竹Bambusa tuldoides Munro，大頭典竹Sinocalamus beecheyanus (Munro) McClure var. pubescens P.F.Li 或淡竹Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd.) Munro var. henonis Stapf 的茎桿的乾燥中間層
【1】周兆祥，天 然産物的研究與開發。1992；4（1);44
乔章星等，中药炮制學杂志，1993；28（1);18
李平山等，中草药，1984；15 (1); 3
mu dan pi 牡丹皮 (dan pi 丹皮)
Pharmaceutical name: Cortex Moutan Radicis
Biological name: Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.
Common Name: peony root
Distribution: throughout China, especially in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Gansu, Guizhou
Properties (characteristics): acrid, bitter, mildly cool
Channels (meridians) entered: heart, liver, kidney
Actions & Indications: clears heat and cools the blood, clears fire of yin deficiency, clear blood stasis and rid of clots, drain pus and reduces swelling due to blood stasis.
Medical Function:
1. effect on circulation
2. anti micro organism
3. anti inflammatory, and effect on immune system
4. effect on CNS
5. effect on secretion of water and sodium when dosage is increased. Low dosage does not have effect on secretion of potassium. At highest dosage secretion of potassium is decreased.
Chemical ingredients:
paeonol, paeonoside, paeonolide, apiopaeonoside, paeoniflorin, ozypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, benzoyl-oxypaeoniflorin, gallic aid, 1,23,4,6-pentagalloylglucose
Dosage: 6 to 12 g
Samples of formulae: to be loaded
Modern Application:
1. purpura due to low platelet count
2. infectious diarrhea
3. hypertension
4. allergenic rhinitis
5. cholinergic hives
Cautions:
not to use in cold disorder, pregnancy, excessive menstruation, bleeding, yinxu (yin deficient) with night sweat.
Not compatible with tu si zi , bei mu, da huang, and da suan
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)
牡丹皮，簡稱「丹皮」，是一種中草藥，即牡丹的根皮。牡丹皮味道苦辛，中醫理論認為其性微寒，具有涼血、清熱、散瘀的功能。中醫上用來主治血熱發斑、吐血、鼻衄、勞熱骨蒸、經閉癥瘕、瘡癰腫痛及腸癰腹痛等。在化學成分上，丹皮含有牡丹酚和牡丹皮原苷，其中牡丹皮原苷經水解後產生牡丹皮苷和牡丹皮酚，具有解熱鎮痛、抑菌和降壓的作用。(維基百科，自由的百科全書 - Wikipedia)
【性味歸經】
苦、辛，微寒。歸心、肝、腎經。
【功效】
清熱涼血，活血散瘀。
【主治】
1. 用於斑疹吐衄。本品微寒，能清營分、血分實熱，有涼血止血之功。治溫病熱入營血，迫血妄行，發斑發疹，吐血衄血，多與生地黃、赤芍同用。
2. 用於溫邪傷陰，陰虛發熱。本品辛寒，善於清透陰分伏熱。多用治溫病後期，邪伏陰分，津液己傷，夜熱早涼，熱退無汗之證，常與鱉甲、生地黃、知母等同用，如青蒿鱉甲湯。
3. 用於血滯經閉，痛經痞瘕，跌打損傷。本品又能活血行瘀。治血滯經閉、痞瘕等，常與桃仁、赤芍、桂枝同用，如桂枝茯苓丸；治跌打損傷，瘀腫疼痛，常與當歸，桃仁、乳香等同用。
4. 用於癰瘍腫毒，腸癰腹痛。本品苦寒，清熱涼血，散瘀消癰。用治火毒熾盛，癰腫瘡毒，可與金銀花、連翹、蒲公英等同用；用治腸癰初起，多配伍大黃、桃仁、芒硝等，如大黃牡丹皮湯。
【文獻別錄】
1.《本經》：「主寒熱，中風瘈瘲、痙、驚癇邪氣，除堅癥瘀血留舍腸胃，安五臟，療癰瘡。」
2.《珍珠囊》：「治腸胃積血，衄血，吐血，無汗骨蒸。」
3.《本草綱目》：「治血中伏火，除煩熱。」
【用法用量】
煎服，6～12g，散熱涼血生用，活血散瘀酒炒用，止血炒炭用。
【注意禁忌】
血虛有寒，月經過多及孕婦不宜用。
【現代藥理】
本品含牡丹酸、牡丹酸甙、牡丹酚原甙、芍藥甙、揮發油及植物甾醇等。
□丹皮酚及糖甙成分均有抗炎作用。
□丹皮酚有鎮靜、降溫、解熱、鎮痛、解痙等中樞抑制作用；
□又水煎液、丹皮酚及除去丹皮酚的水煎液，均有明顯降壓作用。
□其煎劑對痢疾桿菌、傷寒桿菌等多種致病菌及致病性皮膚真菌均有抑制作用。
□丹皮酚還可使動物子宮內膜充血，有通經作用，並有抗小鼠早孕作用；
□丹皮酚尚有抗潰瘍及抑制胃液分泌的作用。
(醫砭‧沈藥子)
Biological name: Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.
Common Name: peony root
Distribution: throughout China, especially in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan, Hunan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Gansu, Guizhou
Properties (characteristics): acrid, bitter, mildly cool
Channels (meridians) entered: heart, liver, kidney
Actions & Indications: clears heat and cools the blood, clears fire of yin deficiency, clear blood stasis and rid of clots, drain pus and reduces swelling due to blood stasis.
Medical Function:
1. effect on circulation
2. anti micro organism
3. anti inflammatory, and effect on immune system
4. effect on CNS
5. effect on secretion of water and sodium when dosage is increased. Low dosage does not have effect on secretion of potassium. At highest dosage secretion of potassium is decreased.
Chemical ingredients:
paeonol, paeonoside, paeonolide, apiopaeonoside, paeoniflorin, ozypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, benzoyl-oxypaeoniflorin, gallic aid, 1,23,4,6-pentagalloylglucose
Dosage: 6 to 12 g
Samples of formulae: to be loaded
Modern Application:
1. purpura due to low platelet count
2. infectious diarrhea
3. hypertension4. allergenic rhinitis
5. cholinergic hives
Cautions:
not to use in cold disorder, pregnancy, excessive menstruation, bleeding, yinxu (yin deficient) with night sweat.
Not compatible with tu si zi , bei mu, da huang, and da suan
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)
牡丹皮，簡稱「丹皮」，是一種中草藥，即牡丹的根皮。牡丹皮味道苦辛，中醫理論認為其性微寒，具有涼血、清熱、散瘀的功能。中醫上用來主治血熱發斑、吐血、鼻衄、勞熱骨蒸、經閉癥瘕、瘡癰腫痛及腸癰腹痛等。在化學成分上，丹皮含有牡丹酚和牡丹皮原苷，其中牡丹皮原苷經水解後產生牡丹皮苷和牡丹皮酚，具有解熱鎮痛、抑菌和降壓的作用。(維基百科，自由的百科全書 - Wikipedia)
【性味歸經】
苦、辛，微寒。歸心、肝、腎經。
【功效】
清熱涼血，活血散瘀。
【主治】
1. 用於斑疹吐衄。本品微寒，能清營分、血分實熱，有涼血止血之功。治溫病熱入營血，迫血妄行，發斑發疹，吐血衄血，多與生地黃、赤芍同用。
2. 用於溫邪傷陰，陰虛發熱。本品辛寒，善於清透陰分伏熱。多用治溫病後期，邪伏陰分，津液己傷，夜熱早涼，熱退無汗之證，常與鱉甲、生地黃、知母等同用，如青蒿鱉甲湯。
3. 用於血滯經閉，痛經痞瘕，跌打損傷。本品又能活血行瘀。治血滯經閉、痞瘕等，常與桃仁、赤芍、桂枝同用，如桂枝茯苓丸；治跌打損傷，瘀腫疼痛，常與當歸，桃仁、乳香等同用。
4. 用於癰瘍腫毒，腸癰腹痛。本品苦寒，清熱涼血，散瘀消癰。用治火毒熾盛，癰腫瘡毒，可與金銀花、連翹、蒲公英等同用；用治腸癰初起，多配伍大黃、桃仁、芒硝等，如大黃牡丹皮湯。
【文獻別錄】
1.《本經》：「主寒熱，中風瘈瘲、痙、驚癇邪氣，除堅癥瘀血留舍腸胃，安五臟，療癰瘡。」
2.《珍珠囊》：「治腸胃積血，衄血，吐血，無汗骨蒸。」
3.《本草綱目》：「治血中伏火，除煩熱。」
【用法用量】
煎服，6～12g，散熱涼血生用，活血散瘀酒炒用，止血炒炭用。
【注意禁忌】
血虛有寒，月經過多及孕婦不宜用。
【現代藥理】
本品含牡丹酸、牡丹酸甙、牡丹酚原甙、芍藥甙、揮發油及植物甾醇等。
□丹皮酚及糖甙成分均有抗炎作用。
□丹皮酚有鎮靜、降溫、解熱、鎮痛、解痙等中樞抑制作用；
□又水煎液、丹皮酚及除去丹皮酚的水煎液，均有明顯降壓作用。
□其煎劑對痢疾桿菌、傷寒桿菌等多種致病菌及致病性皮膚真菌均有抑制作用。
□丹皮酚還可使動物子宮內膜充血，有通經作用，並有抗小鼠早孕作用；
□丹皮酚尚有抗潰瘍及抑制胃液分泌的作用。
(醫砭‧沈藥子)
ci ji li 刺蒺藜
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Fructus Tribuli
Biological name 拉丁文學名﹕Tribulus terrestris Linn.
Other Names 別名 ﹕
yin ji li 硬蒺藜，ji gu zi 蒺骨子， bai ji li 白蒺藜， ji li 蒺藜，san jiao ding (literally: 3 legged nail) 三腳丁 ，san jiao hu (litterally 3 legged tiger) 三腳虎 ，san jiao ma zai (literally: 3 legged horse) 三腳馬仔。
Common Name 外文名﹕
Puncturevine caltrop fruit, nettle fruit, puncture vine fruit, cathead fruit ,
yellow vine fruit, goathead fruit, and burra gokharu (Indian name).
Distribution 產地﹕
mainly produced in north eastern, northern part of China and in Qinghai,
Xizang, and along the Yangtze River of China.
產東北﹐華北﹐ 青海﹐西藏和長江流域等地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
bitter, acrid, neutral.
苦﹐辛，平。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕liver 肝經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. Tribulus terrestris water extract has anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitory effect on the delayed type hypersensitivity is mainly achieved through the mid-term effect on the inhibition induced cell differentiation and formation.
2. Tribulus terrestris has antihypertensive effect . Tribulus water extract , ethanol - water extract and 30 % ethanol leaching solution in anesthetized animals have antihypertensive effect. Its alkaloids had no effect on canine blood pressure , but can inhibit frog heart , water-soluble fraction with moderate antihypertensive effect. [ 1 ]
3. Tribulus terrestris has some diuretic effect. Tribulus terrestris is being used as a diuretic used in Indian folk medicine. In saline loading experiments in rats , the diuretic effect is not ideal. The diuretic effect of water extract of its ash content of the water extract and plant decoction , is mainly due to the presence of potassium . But some people think that in addition to potassium , the alkaloids have a diuretic effect. Clinically it is effective for patients with ascites and edema . [ 1 ]
4. Tribulus terrestris has anti- acetylcholine effect . [ 1 ]
5. Tribulus terrestris has a strong and anti-aging effect.
6. Tribulus terrestris has antibacterial, anti-allergic and treatment of vitiligo effect.
Tribulus has significant anti- ischemic effect .
7. Tribulus terrestris extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. [ 1 ]
8. The crude saponins of Tribulus leaves can significantly reduce lab animal experimental hypercholesterolemia cholesterol levels , elevated lecithin / cholesterol ratio ; can significantly stimulate spermatogenesis in male rats , increased libido , improve fertility .
9. The most active extract against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria was ethanol extract from the fruits with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.15 mg/ml against B. subtilis, B. cereus, P. vulgaris andC. diphtheriae. In addition, the same extract from the same plant part demonstrated the strongest antifungal activity against C. albicans with an MIC value of 0.15 mg/ml. [2]
1. 刺蒺藜水提取物有抗炎作用。對遲髮型變態反應的抑制作用主要是通過對抑制誘導期中的效應細胞的分化 與形成而達致的。
2. 刺蒺藜有降壓作用。蒺藜水浸液、乙醇-水浸出液和30％乙醇浸出液對麻醉動物有降壓作用。其生物鹼部分對犬血壓無影響，但可抑制蛙心，水溶性部分有中度降 壓作用。[1]
3. 刺蒺藜有一定的利尿作用。白蒺藜在印度民間作為利尿劑用；在鹽水負荷的大白鼠實驗中，利尿作用並不理想，其灰分的水提取物及植物煎劑的利尿作用，主要是由 於鉀鹽的存在。但有人認為除了鉀鹽外，生物鹼部分有一定的利尿作用，臨床上對腹水及水腫病人有效。[1]
4. 刺蒺藜具有抗乙酰膽鹼作用。[1]
5. 刺蒺藜具有強壯與抗衰老作用。
6. 刺蒺藜具有抗菌、抗過敏及治療白癜風作用。
蒺藜皂甙有明顯的抗心肌缺血作用。
7. 蒺藜提取物能抑制金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌的生長。[1]
8. 蒺藜莖葉粗皂苷能顯著降低實驗性高膽固醇症動物的膽固醇水平，升高卵磷脂/膽固醇比值；可明顯刺激雄性大鼠精子生成，增加性慾，提高生殖力。
9. 最活躍的蒺藜乙醇提取物對革蘭氏陰性和革蘭氏陽性菌的最小抑菌濃度， 0.15毫克/毫升， 對枯草桿菌，蠟樣芽胞桿菌，夏枯草和C的水果提取物。白喉。此外，同樣從蒺藜提取物表現出最強的對白色念珠菌的抗真菌活性為0.15毫克/毫升。 [2]
Actions & Indications 主 治﹕
Effective for soothing the liver to rid of depressed mood, invigorating blood
to rid of pain, improving vision, stopping itchiness.
Being used in treatment of：achy loin due to deficiency, spermatorrhea,
leukorrhea,headache, dizziness, pink eyes with tears, keratitis, cloudiness
in cornea, chronic bronchitis with coughing, milk not flowing, itchiness,
rash, bulging sensatiion in the rib cage, vitiligo, etc.
功效：有平肝解鬱，活血袪風，明目止癢之效。
治：虛勞腰痛 ， 遺精帶下 ， 頭痛 ，眩暈， 目赤多淚 ， 角膜炎，角膜雲翳，
咳逆肺痿 ， 癥結積聚 ， 乳閉不通 ， 皮膚瘙癢 ， 風疹 ， 胸脇脹悶，白癜風 。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份--
steroidal saponins 甾體皂甙; 其皂甙元為:
diosgenin/ 薯蕷皂甙元
ruscogenin/ 魯期可皂甙元
hecogenin/ 海可皂甙元
gitoogenin/ 吉托皂甙元
Also contains 另含:
tribuloside/ 蒺藜甙
kaempferol-3-rutinoside/ 山柰酚-3-芸香糖甙
astragalin/ 紫雲英甙
harmine/ 肉葉芸香鹼
Dosage 用量﹕
for decoction: 6 to 9 g.
for external use: smash and apply or make into powder and sprinkle into affected parts.
內服：6～9 克。
外用：捣敷或研末撒。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕用於風疹瘙痒，常與蟬 蛻，荊芥，防 風等同用。
Present Day Applications 現代應用﹕
There are reports that body builders are using this herb to improve result through increasing testosterone. This herb may increase the luteinizing hormone which helps the development of the corpus luteum in the female and the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of the testis in male. See Caution.
有報導說，鍛煉肌肉健身者在使用白蒺藜來增加睪酮以提高鍛煉效果。本品可能會增加女性的黃體生成， 在男性有助於睪丸間質細胞產生睪酮而促進肌肉生長。
Cautions 禁忌﹕
use care in cases of blood deficient and/or qixu (qi deficient) and in cases of pregnancies.
Toxic re-actions:
1. overdose can cause toxic reaction: lack of energy, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, rapid respiration, skin purpura. In serious cases it can cause lung edema, and respiration exhaustion. It can also cause high iron content in red cells and result in asphyxiate.
2. There are allergic reaction of skin itchiness, rash and erythema after consuming the herb.
血虛, 氣虛及孕婦慎服。
1. 用量過大:用量 過大 會引起 中毒反應，出現乏力﹐頭昏﹐噁心﹐嘔吐﹐心悸﹐氣急﹐皮膚青紫﹐嚴重者出現肺 水腫﹐呼吸衰竭 。 亦可產生高鐵血紅蛋白而引起窒息。
2. 過敏反應:有報道服用白蒺藤後，出現皮膚瘙癢﹐丘疹﹐紅斑。
Noted:
[1] Zhong Hua Ben Cao 中華本草
[2] J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2008 February; 9 (2): 154–159. Published online 2008 January 16. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0720251
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Biological name 拉丁文學名﹕Tribulus terrestris Linn.
Other Names 別名 ﹕
yin ji li 硬蒺藜，ji gu zi 蒺骨子， bai ji li 白蒺藜， ji li 蒺藜，san jiao ding (literally: 3 legged nail) 三腳丁 ，san jiao hu (litterally 3 legged tiger) 三腳虎 ，san jiao ma zai (literally: 3 legged horse) 三腳馬仔。
Common Name 外文名﹕
Puncturevine caltrop fruit, nettle fruit, puncture vine fruit, cathead fruit ,
yellow vine fruit, goathead fruit, and burra gokharu (Indian name).
Distribution 產地﹕
mainly produced in north eastern, northern part of China and in Qinghai,
Xizang, and along the Yangtze River of China.
產東北﹐華北﹐ 青海﹐西藏和長江流域等地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
bitter, acrid, neutral.
苦﹐辛，平。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕liver 肝經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. Tribulus terrestris water extract has anti-inflammatory effects. Inhibitory effect on the delayed type hypersensitivity is mainly achieved through the mid-term effect on the inhibition induced cell differentiation and formation.
2. Tribulus terrestris has antihypertensive effect . Tribulus water extract , ethanol - water extract and 30 % ethanol leaching solution in anesthetized animals have antihypertensive effect. Its alkaloids had no effect on canine blood pressure , but can inhibit frog heart , water-soluble fraction with moderate antihypertensive effect. [ 1 ]
3. Tribulus terrestris has some diuretic effect. Tribulus terrestris is being used as a diuretic used in Indian folk medicine. In saline loading experiments in rats , the diuretic effect is not ideal. The diuretic effect of water extract of its ash content of the water extract and plant decoction , is mainly due to the presence of potassium . But some people think that in addition to potassium , the alkaloids have a diuretic effect. Clinically it is effective for patients with ascites and edema . [ 1 ]
4. Tribulus terrestris has anti- acetylcholine effect . [ 1 ]
5. Tribulus terrestris has a strong and anti-aging effect.
6. Tribulus terrestris has antibacterial, anti-allergic and treatment of vitiligo effect.
Tribulus has significant anti- ischemic effect .
7. Tribulus terrestris extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. [ 1 ]
8. The crude saponins of Tribulus leaves can significantly reduce lab animal experimental hypercholesterolemia cholesterol levels , elevated lecithin / cholesterol ratio ; can significantly stimulate spermatogenesis in male rats , increased libido , improve fertility .
9. The most active extract against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria was ethanol extract from the fruits with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.15 mg/ml against B. subtilis, B. cereus, P. vulgaris andC. diphtheriae. In addition, the same extract from the same plant part demonstrated the strongest antifungal activity against C. albicans with an MIC value of 0.15 mg/ml. [2]
1. 刺蒺藜水提取物有抗炎作用。對遲髮型變態反應的抑制作用主要是通過對抑制誘導期中的效應細胞的分化 與形成而達致的。
2. 刺蒺藜有降壓作用。蒺藜水浸液、乙醇-水浸出液和30％乙醇浸出液對麻醉動物有降壓作用。其生物鹼部分對犬血壓無影響，但可抑制蛙心，水溶性部分有中度降 壓作用。[1]
3. 刺蒺藜有一定的利尿作用。白蒺藜在印度民間作為利尿劑用；在鹽水負荷的大白鼠實驗中，利尿作用並不理想，其灰分的水提取物及植物煎劑的利尿作用，主要是由 於鉀鹽的存在。但有人認為除了鉀鹽外，生物鹼部分有一定的利尿作用，臨床上對腹水及水腫病人有效。[1]
4. 刺蒺藜具有抗乙酰膽鹼作用。[1]
5. 刺蒺藜具有強壯與抗衰老作用。
6. 刺蒺藜具有抗菌、抗過敏及治療白癜風作用。
蒺藜皂甙有明顯的抗心肌缺血作用。
7. 蒺藜提取物能抑制金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌的生長。[1]
8. 蒺藜莖葉粗皂苷能顯著降低實驗性高膽固醇症動物的膽固醇水平，升高卵磷脂/膽固醇比值；可明顯刺激雄性大鼠精子生成，增加性慾，提高生殖力。
9. 最活躍的蒺藜乙醇提取物對革蘭氏陰性和革蘭氏陽性菌的最小抑菌濃度， 0.15毫克/毫升， 對枯草桿菌，蠟樣芽胞桿菌，夏枯草和C的水果提取物。白喉。此外，同樣從蒺藜提取物表現出最強的對白色念珠菌的抗真菌活性為0.15毫克/毫升。 [2]
Actions & Indications 主 治﹕
Effective for soothing the liver to rid of depressed mood, invigorating blood
to rid of pain, improving vision, stopping itchiness.
Being used in treatment of：achy loin due to deficiency, spermatorrhea,
leukorrhea,headache, dizziness, pink eyes with tears, keratitis, cloudiness
in cornea, chronic bronchitis with coughing, milk not flowing, itchiness,
rash, bulging sensatiion in the rib cage, vitiligo, etc.
功效：有平肝解鬱，活血袪風，明目止癢之效。
治：虛勞腰痛 ， 遺精帶下 ， 頭痛 ，眩暈， 目赤多淚 ， 角膜炎，角膜雲翳，
咳逆肺痿 ， 癥結積聚 ， 乳閉不通 ， 皮膚瘙癢 ， 風疹 ， 胸脇脹悶，白癜風 。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份--
steroidal saponins 甾體皂甙; 其皂甙元為:diosgenin/ 薯蕷皂甙元
ruscogenin/ 魯期可皂甙元
hecogenin/ 海可皂甙元
gitoogenin/ 吉托皂甙元
Also contains 另含:
tribuloside/ 蒺藜甙
kaempferol-3-rutinoside/ 山柰酚-3-芸香糖甙
astragalin/ 紫雲英甙
harmine/ 肉葉芸香鹼
Dosage 用量﹕
for decoction: 6 to 9 g.
for external use: smash and apply or make into powder and sprinkle into affected parts.
內服：6～9 克。
外用：捣敷或研末撒。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕用於風疹瘙痒，常與蟬 蛻，荊芥，防 風等同用。
Present Day Applications 現代應用﹕
There are reports that body builders are using this herb to improve result through increasing testosterone. This herb may increase the luteinizing hormone which helps the development of the corpus luteum in the female and the production of testosterone by the interstitial cells of the testis in male. See Caution.
有報導說，鍛煉肌肉健身者在使用白蒺藜來增加睪酮以提高鍛煉效果。本品可能會增加女性的黃體生成， 在男性有助於睪丸間質細胞產生睪酮而促進肌肉生長。
Cautions 禁忌﹕
use care in cases of blood deficient and/or qixu (qi deficient) and in cases of pregnancies.
Toxic re-actions:
1. overdose can cause toxic reaction: lack of energy, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, palpitation, rapid respiration, skin purpura. In serious cases it can cause lung edema, and respiration exhaustion. It can also cause high iron content in red cells and result in asphyxiate.
2. There are allergic reaction of skin itchiness, rash and erythema after consuming the herb.
血虛, 氣虛及孕婦慎服。
1. 用量過大:用量 過大 會引起 中毒反應，出現乏力﹐頭昏﹐噁心﹐嘔吐﹐心悸﹐氣急﹐皮膚青紫﹐嚴重者出現肺 水腫﹐呼吸衰竭 。 亦可產生高鐵血紅蛋白而引起窒息。
2. 過敏反應:有報道服用白蒺藤後，出現皮膚瘙癢﹐丘疹﹐紅斑。
Noted:
[1] Zhong Hua Ben Cao 中華本草
[2] J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2008 February; 9 (2): 154–159. Published online 2008 January 16. doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0720251
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Formula 40 for Benign Neoplasm of Brain
Formula 40 for Benign Neoplasm of Brain/ Dec 24, 2014
Composition:
天麻鉤藤飲 tian ma gou teng yin 5g
清瘟敗毒飲 Qing Wen Bai Du Yin 1.5g
龍膽瀉肝湯 long dan xie gan tang 2g
天麻粉 tian ma powder 2g
全蠍粉 quan xie powder 0.8g
肉桂粉 rou gui powder 0.2g
火麻仁 huo ma ren 1.2g
玄參 xuan shen 1.5g
地龍 di long 0.5g
枳殼 zhi ke 0.8g
連翹 lian qiao 1g
大黃 da huang 0.2g
夏枯草 xia ku cao 1.2g
蔓荊子 man jing zi 1.5g
Composition:
天麻鉤藤飲 tian ma gou teng yin 5g
清瘟敗毒飲 Qing Wen Bai Du Yin 1.5g
龍膽瀉肝湯 long dan xie gan tang 2g
天麻粉 tian ma powder 2g
全蠍粉 quan xie powder 0.8g
肉桂粉 rou gui powder 0.2g
火麻仁 huo ma ren 1.2g
玄參 xuan shen 1.5g
地龍 di long 0.5g
枳殼 zhi ke 0.8g
連翹 lian qiao 1g
大黃 da huang 0.2g
夏枯草 xia ku cao 1.2g
蔓荊子 man jing zi 1.5g
Wednesday, February 4, 2015
long dan xie gan tang 龍膽瀉肝湯
Name of Formula: long dan xie gan tang (Yi Zong Jin Jian )
Uses:
(1). Traditional uses: for overactive sympathetic nervous system, bacterial infection of urinary tract and/or vagina area, jaundice due to hepatitis, middle ear infection, gall bladder stones, conjunctivitis, migraine due to overactive sympathetic nervous
system, overactive thyroid.
(2) New uses:
a. For Mondor disease
Directions:
With high liver fire or liver/gall bladder with damp heat, take 3 times a day, 9 grams each time.
b. For shingles (herpes zoster), acute psoriasis, acute skin allergies with liver yang ascending or liver/gall bladder with damp heat, take 3 times a day, 9 grams each time.
Caution: Do not use this formula if the diagnosis is blood deficiency and wind heat (血 虛 風 燥 ).
Composition:
long dan cao 6 g, huang qin 9 g, shan zhi zi 9 g, ze xie 12 g,
mu tong 9 g, che qian zi 9 g, chai hu 6 g, gan cao 6 g, sheng di 9 g.
Boil with water. One prescription a day, made into two servings.
Stop taking when symptoms subside. Do not take it for a long time.
Warning: This formula can be toxic to the kidneys because of the herb mu tong. There are different varieties of mu tong in the market. Before the Qing dynasty, however, it was not toxic because mu tong was derived from either the plant of Akebia guinata or the plant Akebia lobata. Today, ninety five percent of mu tong used in China is from the stem of Aristolochia debilis, called guan mu tong (關木通), a toxic plant usually grown in the northeastern provinces of China, formally called Manchuria. Only rarely in a few localities in China, is mu tong obtained from Akebia guinata or Akebia lobata being used. Many cases of kidney failure have been reported in the China from taking this manufactured formula. Today in China, all manufactured formulae that contain guan mu tong (aristolochia debilis) are being banned because of the toxicity to the kidneys.
If you use this formula in raw herb form, make sure you are not using guan mu tong. Use chuan chuan mu tong or huai tong, or bai mu tong tong instead.
Some western countries have banned all types of mu tong totally. Check with your government agencies for updated regulations.
Manufactured formulae that contain guan mu tong are being banned in China because of the toxicity to the kidneys.
Besides long dan xie gan tang, xin yi san, xiao feng san, ba zheng san, dang gui si ni tang , dao chi san all contain mu tong. Make sure they do not contain guan mu tong which is toxic.
龍膽瀉肝湯（醫宗金鑒）
臨床應有 ﹕肝陽上亢症狀之高血壓﹐属肝膽实火之癫狂﹐急性結膜炎﹐急性中耳炎﹐鼻前庭及外耳道之癤﹐急性膽囊炎﹐急性肝炎﹐自律神經失調症﹐黴菌或細菌感染帶下﹐腹股溝淋巴結炎﹐膀胱炎﹐尿道炎﹐急性睪丸炎﹐急性前列腺炎﹐過敏性皮膚炎﹐带狀疱疹﹐骨盤內炎症﹐膣炎﹐陰部疼痛﹐子宮內膜炎等症。
處方：
龍膽草 6 g, 黄芩 9 g, 山栀子 9 g, 澤瀉 12 g,
木通 9 g, 車前子 9 g, 柴胡 6 g, 甘草 6 g, 生地 9 g.
水煎服。每日一剤，分二次服。中病則止。不宜過剤。
注意﹕木通有幾種。現在市場上賣的 95% 是關木通, 屬于馬兜鈴科﹐對腎臟有毒。凡含有關木通的成藥將被禁賣。
如用木通﹐不可用關木通。須用川木通﹐或淮通﹐或白木通。
龍膽瀉肝湯之外，其他如辛夷散﹐消風散﹐八正散﹐當 歸四逆湯﹐導赤散等藥方，也都含有木通 。如含關木通者﹐不可用。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Uses:
(1). Traditional uses: for overactive sympathetic nervous system, bacterial infection of urinary tract and/or vagina area, jaundice due to hepatitis, middle ear infection, gall bladder stones, conjunctivitis, migraine due to overactive sympathetic nervous
system, overactive thyroid.
(2) New uses:
a. For Mondor disease
Directions:
With high liver fire or liver/gall bladder with damp heat, take 3 times a day, 9 grams each time.
b. For shingles (herpes zoster), acute psoriasis, acute skin allergies with liver yang ascending or liver/gall bladder with damp heat, take 3 times a day, 9 grams each time.
Caution: Do not use this formula if the diagnosis is blood deficiency and wind heat (血 虛 風 燥 ).
Composition:
long dan cao 6 g, huang qin 9 g, shan zhi zi 9 g, ze xie 12 g,
mu tong 9 g, che qian zi 9 g, chai hu 6 g, gan cao 6 g, sheng di 9 g.
Boil with water. One prescription a day, made into two servings.
Stop taking when symptoms subside. Do not take it for a long time.
Warning: This formula can be toxic to the kidneys because of the herb mu tong. There are different varieties of mu tong in the market. Before the Qing dynasty, however, it was not toxic because mu tong was derived from either the plant of Akebia guinata or the plant Akebia lobata. Today, ninety five percent of mu tong used in China is from the stem of Aristolochia debilis, called guan mu tong (關木通), a toxic plant usually grown in the northeastern provinces of China, formally called Manchuria. Only rarely in a few localities in China, is mu tong obtained from Akebia guinata or Akebia lobata being used. Many cases of kidney failure have been reported in the China from taking this manufactured formula. Today in China, all manufactured formulae that contain guan mu tong (aristolochia debilis) are being banned because of the toxicity to the kidneys.
If you use this formula in raw herb form, make sure you are not using guan mu tong. Use chuan chuan mu tong or huai tong, or bai mu tong tong instead.
Some western countries have banned all types of mu tong totally. Check with your government agencies for updated regulations.
Manufactured formulae that contain guan mu tong are being banned in China because of the toxicity to the kidneys.
Besides long dan xie gan tang, xin yi san, xiao feng san, ba zheng san, dang gui si ni tang , dao chi san all contain mu tong. Make sure they do not contain guan mu tong which is toxic.
龍膽瀉肝湯（醫宗金鑒）
處方：
龍膽草 6 g, 黄芩 9 g, 山栀子 9 g, 澤瀉 12 g,
木通 9 g, 車前子 9 g, 柴胡 6 g, 甘草 6 g, 生地 9 g.
水煎服。每日一剤，分二次服。中病則止。不宜過剤。
注意﹕木通有幾種。現在市場上賣的 95% 是關木通, 屬于馬兜鈴科﹐對腎臟有毒。凡含有關木通的成藥將被禁賣。
如用木通﹐不可用關木通。須用川木通﹐或淮通﹐或白木通。
龍膽瀉肝湯之外，其他如辛夷散﹐消風散﹐八正散﹐當 歸四逆湯﹐導赤散等藥方，也都含有木通 。如含關木通者﹐不可用。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
di long 地龍
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Lumbricus
Botanical name 學名﹕
1. Allolobophora calinosa (Savigny) trapezoides (Ant. Duges)
2. Pheretima asiatica (縞蚯蚓又名：土地龍)
3. Pheretima aspergillum (Perricr) (三環毛蚓又名：廣地龍)
Other Names 別名﹕qiu yin 蚯蚓, guang di long 廣地龍, gan di long 乾地龍
Common Name 英文名﹕earth worm, lumbricus
Distribution 產地﹕Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and throughout China
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
salty, cold.
鹹，寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
stomach, bladder, liver, lung, spleen.
入胃，膀胱﹐脾，肝 ，腎經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. anti-histamine and calming asthma
2. expand bronchi
3. antipyretic
4. sedative and anti-convulsion
5. lower blood pressure
6. diuretic effect
1. 抗組織胺和平喘作用
2. 擴張支氣管
3. 解熱作用
4. 鎮靜抗驚厥作用
5. 降血壓作用
6. 利尿作用
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
1. high fever and spasms, convulsions,
2. painful joints due to arthritis and paralysis,
3. heat type of wheezing/asthma, (single item of ground up di long can be used )
4. injuries and pain
5. edema and difficulty in urination
1. 高熱抽搐等症。
2. 風濕痹痛，半身不遂等症。
3. 熱症哮喘。可研末單用。
4. 跌打疼痛
5. 小便不利，水腫等症。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
lumbrofefbrine, lumbritin, terrestro-lumbrolysin, hypoxanthine, xanthine, adenine, guanine, choline, guanidine, ornithine, lysine, serine, proline, glycine, cystine, valine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, neutral lipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides, complex lipids, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, dehydrogenase isoenzyme, esterase isoenzyme.
Dosage 用量﹕
for decoction: 4 g ~12 g. In powder form: 2 g to 4 g. Concentrated extract: 0.5 ~ 2 g.
4 g ~12 g，煎服。研末吞服，每次 2 g to 4 g。 濃 縮中藥：0.5～2 g
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
Wheezing cough due to lung heat: di long, ma huang , xing ren , huang qin.
肺熱喘咳：地龍，麻黃，杏仁，黃芩。
Lower back and leg pain due to physical injuries: di long, dang gui, rou gui
腰腿受傷疼痛：地龍，當歸 , 肉桂。
hot painful urinary dysfunction with stones, urine retention, or edema: di long, niu xi, dong kui zi, jin qian cao.
尿道熱痛，結石，尿潴留，或水腫：地龍，牛膝，冬葵子，金錢草。
hypertension with liver yang ascending : di long, dan shen , ci shi (magnetitum)
血壓高而有肝陽 上亢証：地龍，丹參，磁石。
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
large amount can be toxic. Symptoms include headache, dizziness, palpitation, difficulty in breathing, and initially the blood pressure goes up and then goes down, sometimes the digestive tract may show bleeding.
大劑量會有毒。症狀包括頭痛﹐頭暈 ﹐心悸﹐呼吸困難﹐血壓初始上昇然後下降﹐有時消化道會有出血症狀。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Botanical name 學名﹕
1. Allolobophora calinosa (Savigny) trapezoides (Ant. Duges)
2. Pheretima asiatica (縞蚯蚓又名：土地龍)
3. Pheretima aspergillum (Perricr) (三環毛蚓又名：廣地龍)
Other Names 別名﹕qiu yin 蚯蚓, guang di long 廣地龍, gan di long 乾地龍
Common Name 英文名﹕earth worm, lumbricus
Distribution 產地﹕Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and throughout China
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
salty, cold.
鹹，寒。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
stomach, bladder, liver, lung, spleen.
入胃，膀胱﹐脾，肝 ，腎經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. anti-histamine and calming asthma2. expand bronchi
3. antipyretic
4. sedative and anti-convulsion
5. lower blood pressure
6. diuretic effect
1. 抗組織胺和平喘作用
2. 擴張支氣管
3. 解熱作用
4. 鎮靜抗驚厥作用
5. 降血壓作用
6. 利尿作用
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
1. high fever and spasms, convulsions,
2. painful joints due to arthritis and paralysis,
3. heat type of wheezing/asthma, (single item of ground up di long can be used )
4. injuries and pain
5. edema and difficulty in urination
1. 高熱抽搐等症。
2. 風濕痹痛，半身不遂等症。
3. 熱症哮喘。可研末單用。
4. 跌打疼痛
5. 小便不利，水腫等症。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
lumbrofefbrine, lumbritin, terrestro-lumbrolysin, hypoxanthine, xanthine, adenine, guanine, choline, guanidine, ornithine, lysine, serine, proline, glycine, cystine, valine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, neutral lipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides, complex lipids, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, dehydrogenase isoenzyme, esterase isoenzyme.
Dosage 用量﹕
for decoction: 4 g ~12 g. In powder form: 2 g to 4 g. Concentrated extract: 0.5 ~ 2 g.
4 g ~12 g，煎服。研末吞服，每次 2 g to 4 g。 濃 縮中藥：0.5～2 g
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
Wheezing cough due to lung heat: di long, ma huang , xing ren , huang qin.
肺熱喘咳：地龍，麻黃，杏仁，黃芩。
Lower back and leg pain due to physical injuries: di long, dang gui, rou gui
腰腿受傷疼痛：地龍，當歸 , 肉桂。
hot painful urinary dysfunction with stones, urine retention, or edema: di long, niu xi, dong kui zi, jin qian cao.
尿道熱痛，結石，尿潴留，或水腫：地龍，牛膝，冬葵子，金錢草。
hypertension with liver yang ascending : di long, dan shen , ci shi (magnetitum)
血壓高而有肝陽 上亢証：地龍，丹參，磁石。
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
large amount can be toxic. Symptoms include headache, dizziness, palpitation, difficulty in breathing, and initially the blood pressure goes up and then goes down, sometimes the digestive tract may show bleeding.
大劑量會有毒。症狀包括頭痛﹐頭暈 ﹐心悸﹐呼吸困難﹐血壓初始上昇然後下降﹐有時消化道會有出血症狀。
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
xia ku cao 夏枯草
Pharmaceutical name 英 文藥名﹕Spica Prunellae Vulgaris
Other Names:
bang chui cao, tie she cao, da tou hua, xia ku tou
棒槌草，鐵色草，大頭花，夏枯頭 なし
Common Name 英文名﹕Common Selfheal plant
Distribution 產地﹕
Mainly in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan and throughout China.
主產於﹕ 江蘇﹐ 安徽﹐ 河南。分佈於全中國 各地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
acrid, bitter, slightly cold
辛﹐苦﹐微寒
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
liver, gall bladder.
入肝﹐膽二經。
Actions & Indications 用途﹕
1. goiter
2. tuberculosis of lymph nodes (scrofula)
3. eyes sensitive to light, tears, painful at night,
4. breast cancer
5. headache and dizziness
6. scrofula
7. hypertension
8. facial paralysis
9. tuberculosis of the lungs
10. vaginal infection
11. excessive bleeding during menopause
12. pain and ache of the muscles and bones
13. acute hepatitis
14. Herpes simplex I & II
1. 甲狀腺腫
2. 瘰癭瘤 (淋巴結核)
3. 乳癰乳癌
4. 目珠夜痛
5. 羞明流淚
6. 頭目眩暈
7. 口眼歪斜
8. 筋骨疼痛
9. 肺結核
10. 急性黃疸型傳染性肝炎
11. 血崩
12. 血壓高
13. 帶下
14. 庖疹病毒 I 型，II 型。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. diuretic effects: because of its high content of potassium salt.
2. lowering blood pressure effect
3. antibiotic effect
4. antifungal effect
5. anti-inflammatory effect: it enhances the synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormone.
6. inhibiting immune system effect: using xia ku cao injectiones for under skin injection, it can obviously shrink the thymus glands and spleens of lab animals, and can increase the sizes their adrenal glands.
1. 利尿作用﹕因含有豐富的鉀鹽之故。
2. 降壓作用。
3. 抗菌作用﹕有不同程度的抑制痢疾桿菌,傷寒桿菌,霍亂弧菌,大腸桿菌,變形桿菌,葡萄球菌及人型結核桿菌作用。
4. 抑制真菌作用。
5. 抗炎作用﹕其抗炎效應與腎上腺皮質中糖皮質激素合成，分泌的加強有密切關係。
6. 免疫抑制作用﹕以夏枯草 注射液皮下注射，可使動物胸腺，脾臟明顯萎縮，腎上腺明顯增大，血漿皮質醇水平明顯升高，表明其是一種免疫抑制劑。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕to be loaded
Dosage 用量﹕9 to 15 g, or up to 30 g when used by itself.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
Acute infectious kerato-conjunctivitis: use xia ku cao 15 g, ju hua 15 g, pu gong ying 30 g. Make into decoction and use as tea.
肝火旺而引起的目赤腫痛 (急性結膜炎，流行性角膜炎) 用夏枯草五錢，菊 花15克，蒲公英30克，水煎服
Cautions 禁忌﹕
use caution in cases of pixu (spleen deficient). Long term usage can cause irritation for the stomach. If long term usage is necessary, add dang shen and bai zhu to the formulae being used.
Decoction of xia ku cao can raise the value of ALTand AST. This shows that xia ku cao can be toxic to the liver.
脾虛者小心服用。久服對腸胃會有刺激。如需長服﹐可酌加 黨 參﹐白 朮。
夏枯草水提物使小鼠ALT和AST值 明顯升高，說明夏枯草有肝臟毒性作用。
Application:
1. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis: xia ku cao 1000 g, boil and make extract, strain. Repeat 3 times. Mix the 3 batches of extract. Add some honey. Boil and reduce into paste. Store in refrigerator. Take 1 spoon, twice a day with warm boiled water. This therapy can maintain the blood pressure in normal range. Animal studies showed that xia ku cao can slow down the formation arterial sclerosis, lowered blood lipids, and had good result in treating cardiovascular diseases. [1]
2. Acute tonsillitis: for acute infection: xia ku cao 30 ~ 60 g, boil and make extract. Strain. Repeat 2 times. Mix the extract. Use it in one day. Sip slowly so that the liquid can stay in the throat longer to contact the affect area.
3. Amnesia: xia ku cao 15 g, ban xia 12 g. Make into decoction. One dose a day for 10 day.
4. Whooping cough: xia ku cao 15 g, san bai pi 10 g, huang qin 9 g, di gu pi 9 g, pi pa ye 10 g, cha di long 9 g, jiang can 10 g. gan cao 3 g. Make into decoction. One dose a day.
5. Coughing blood due to TB of the lungs and bronchial dilation
6. Chronic headache: xia ku cao, ge gen, make into decoction.
7. Herpes I & II treatment: topical application.
現代應用：
1. 防治高 血壓及動脈粥樣硬化
中國中醫研究院廣安門醫院陳鼎祺，讓肝陽上亢型高血壓病患者用夏枯草1000克，煎3次去渣，加適量蜂蜜熬成膏，放冰 箱內冷藏，每天早晚各服1匙，溫開水送服，使其血壓能持久穩定於正常范圍。動物實驗表明夏枯草能延緩主動脈中粥樣斑塊的形成，對降血脂， 治療冠心病動脈硬化有良好功效。
2. 治療急性扁桃體炎
取夏枯草苦寒之性以清熱毒，取其辛味以發散風熱，消散郁結，用於治療風熱邪毒搏結於咽喉所致的急性扁桃腺炎。臨床以夏枯草30－60克 ，水煎2次，混合藥液後一日內頻頻服完，服時徐徐咽下，以延長藥液在咽部的滯留時間，使藥直接作用於病灶處，有很好的作用。
3. 治失眠
治精神萎靡，夜難入眠，甚則通宵達旦，心煩易怒，易驚易夢，舌質紅，脈細數。証屬郁火內擾，陽不交陰之候。藥用夏枯草15克，半夏12克 ，水煎服，日1劑，連服10劑。
4. 治療百日咳
百日咳臨床症狀以痙攣性咳嗽為主症，咳時涕淚皆出，滿面通紅，似肝火刑肺之咳狀。夏枯草清肝熱，泄肝火，平肝氣，疏通氣結，使肺金不 受其刑。治法以夏枯草15克，桑白皮10克，黃 芩9克，地骨皮 9克，枇杷葉10克，炒地龍9克，僵蠶10克，甘 草3克，水煎服，日1劑 ，治療小兒百日咳，可獲良效。
5. 治療肺結核，支氣管擴張之頑固性咯血
用夏枯草30克，百部20克，黃 芩12克，杏仁12克，代赭石12克，治療久治不愈之咯血。
6. 治頑固性頭痛
夏枯草配葛根，升降結合治頭痛。巔頂及項後風池處，皆肝膽經循行之處。夏枯草清肝膽，使循經上炎之郁火直折，還可起引經作用，引諸藥直達 病所，配葛根升發清陽，止痛解肌，可使頑固性頭痛沉疴痊愈。
Scrofula : A form of tuberculosis affecting the lymph nodes, especially of the neck, that is most common in children and is usually spread by unpasteurized milk from infected cows. Also called struma. (Source: American Heritage Dictionary)
[1] 中國中醫研究院廣安門医院陳鼎祺
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
Other Names:
bang chui cao, tie she cao, da tou hua, xia ku tou
棒槌草，鐵色草，大頭花，夏枯頭 なし
Common Name 英文名﹕Common Selfheal plant
Distribution 產地﹕
Mainly in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan and throughout China.
主產於﹕ 江蘇﹐ 安徽﹐ 河南。分佈於全中國 各地。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
acrid, bitter, slightly cold
辛﹐苦﹐微寒
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
liver, gall bladder.
入肝﹐膽二經。
Actions & Indications 用途﹕
1. goiter
2. tuberculosis of lymph nodes (scrofula)
3. eyes sensitive to light, tears, painful at night,
4. breast cancer
5. headache and dizziness
6. scrofula
7. hypertension
8. facial paralysis
9. tuberculosis of the lungs
10. vaginal infection
11. excessive bleeding during menopause
12. pain and ache of the muscles and bones
13. acute hepatitis
1. 甲狀腺腫
2. 瘰癭瘤 (淋巴結核)
3. 乳癰乳癌
4. 目珠夜痛
5. 羞明流淚
6. 頭目眩暈
7. 口眼歪斜
8. 筋骨疼痛
9. 肺結核
10. 急性黃疸型傳染性肝炎
11. 血崩
12. 血壓高
13. 帶下
14. 庖疹病毒 I 型，II 型。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. diuretic effects: because of its high content of potassium salt.
2. lowering blood pressure effect
3. antibiotic effect
4. antifungal effect
5. anti-inflammatory effect: it enhances the synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormone.
6. inhibiting immune system effect: using xia ku cao injectiones for under skin injection, it can obviously shrink the thymus glands and spleens of lab animals, and can increase the sizes their adrenal glands.
1. 利尿作用﹕因含有豐富的鉀鹽之故。
2. 降壓作用。
3. 抗菌作用﹕有不同程度的抑制痢疾桿菌,傷寒桿菌,霍亂弧菌,大腸桿菌,變形桿菌,葡萄球菌及人型結核桿菌作用。
4. 抑制真菌作用。
5. 抗炎作用﹕其抗炎效應與腎上腺皮質中糖皮質激素合成，分泌的加強有密切關係。
6. 免疫抑制作用﹕以夏枯草 注射液皮下注射，可使動物胸腺，脾臟明顯萎縮，腎上腺明顯增大，血漿皮質醇水平明顯升高，表明其是一種免疫抑制劑。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕to be loaded
Dosage 用量﹕9 to 15 g, or up to 30 g when used by itself.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
Acute infectious kerato-conjunctivitis: use xia ku cao 15 g, ju hua 15 g, pu gong ying 30 g. Make into decoction and use as tea.
肝火旺而引起的目赤腫痛 (急性結膜炎，流行性角膜炎) 用夏枯草五錢，菊 花15克，蒲公英30克，水煎服
Cautions 禁忌﹕
use caution in cases of pixu (spleen deficient). Long term usage can cause irritation for the stomach. If long term usage is necessary, add dang shen and bai zhu to the formulae being used.
Decoction of xia ku cao can raise the value of ALTand AST. This shows that xia ku cao can be toxic to the liver.
脾虛者小心服用。久服對腸胃會有刺激。如需長服﹐可酌加 黨 參﹐白 朮。
夏枯草水提物使小鼠ALT和AST值 明顯升高，說明夏枯草有肝臟毒性作用。
Application:
1. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis: xia ku cao 1000 g, boil and make extract, strain. Repeat 3 times. Mix the 3 batches of extract. Add some honey. Boil and reduce into paste. Store in refrigerator. Take 1 spoon, twice a day with warm boiled water. This therapy can maintain the blood pressure in normal range. Animal studies showed that xia ku cao can slow down the formation arterial sclerosis, lowered blood lipids, and had good result in treating cardiovascular diseases. [1]
2. Acute tonsillitis: for acute infection: xia ku cao 30 ~ 60 g, boil and make extract. Strain. Repeat 2 times. Mix the extract. Use it in one day. Sip slowly so that the liquid can stay in the throat longer to contact the affect area.
3. Amnesia: xia ku cao 15 g, ban xia 12 g. Make into decoction. One dose a day for 10 day.
4. Whooping cough: xia ku cao 15 g, san bai pi 10 g, huang qin 9 g, di gu pi 9 g, pi pa ye 10 g, cha di long 9 g, jiang can 10 g. gan cao 3 g. Make into decoction. One dose a day.
5. Coughing blood due to TB of the lungs and bronchial dilation
6. Chronic headache: xia ku cao, ge gen, make into decoction.
7. Herpes I & II treatment: topical application.
現代應用：
1. 防治高 血壓及動脈粥樣硬化
中國中醫研究院廣安門醫院陳鼎祺，讓肝陽上亢型高血壓病患者用夏枯草1000克，煎3次去渣，加適量蜂蜜熬成膏，放冰 箱內冷藏，每天早晚各服1匙，溫開水送服，使其血壓能持久穩定於正常范圍。動物實驗表明夏枯草能延緩主動脈中粥樣斑塊的形成，對降血脂， 治療冠心病動脈硬化有良好功效。
2. 治療急性扁桃體炎
取夏枯草苦寒之性以清熱毒，取其辛味以發散風熱，消散郁結，用於治療風熱邪毒搏結於咽喉所致的急性扁桃腺炎。臨床以夏枯草30－60克 ，水煎2次，混合藥液後一日內頻頻服完，服時徐徐咽下，以延長藥液在咽部的滯留時間，使藥直接作用於病灶處，有很好的作用。
3. 治失眠
治精神萎靡，夜難入眠，甚則通宵達旦，心煩易怒，易驚易夢，舌質紅，脈細數。証屬郁火內擾，陽不交陰之候。藥用夏枯草15克，半夏12克 ，水煎服，日1劑，連服10劑。
4. 治療百日咳
百日咳臨床症狀以痙攣性咳嗽為主症，咳時涕淚皆出，滿面通紅，似肝火刑肺之咳狀。夏枯草清肝熱，泄肝火，平肝氣，疏通氣結，使肺金不 受其刑。治法以夏枯草15克，桑白皮10克，黃 芩9克，地骨皮 9克，枇杷葉10克，炒地龍9克，僵蠶10克，甘 草3克，水煎服，日1劑 ，治療小兒百日咳，可獲良效。
5. 治療肺結核，支氣管擴張之頑固性咯血
用夏枯草30克，百部20克，黃 芩12克，杏仁12克，代赭石12克，治療久治不愈之咯血。
6. 治頑固性頭痛
夏枯草配葛根，升降結合治頭痛。巔頂及項後風池處，皆肝膽經循行之處。夏枯草清肝膽，使循經上炎之郁火直折，還可起引經作用，引諸藥直達 病所，配葛根升發清陽，止痛解肌，可使頑固性頭痛沉疴痊愈。
Scrofula : A form of tuberculosis affecting the lymph nodes, especially of the neck, that is most common in children and is usually spread by unpasteurized milk from infected cows. Also called struma. (Source: American Heritage Dictionary)
[1] 中國中醫研究院廣安門医院陳鼎祺
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
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