Latin name拉丁學名﹕Buthus martensii Karsch
Other Names別名 ﹕chai kui 蠆 奎， chai chong 蠆尾虫，du bo 杜伯， zhu bu chong 主簿虫，quan chong 全虫， fu bei chong 茯背虫。
Common Name英文名﹕scorpion, buthus
Distribution產地﹕
Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Anhui, Hubei.
河南，山東，河北，遼寧，湖北等省。
Properties (characteristics)性味﹕
neutral, acrid, sweet, toxic.
性平，味辛。甘，有毒。
Channels (meridians) entered歸經﹕
liver
肝
Medical functions藥理﹕
1. A compound found in scorpion venom has inhibited bone loss in an animal model of advanced periodontal disease.[1]
2. Effect on CNS: (1) anti-convulsion:quan xie powder or its decoction possesses anti-convulsion effect on mice. Intra venous injection of 0.28mg/kg with pure polypeptide separated from the scorpion (quan xie) katsutoxin, can inhibit the convulsion effect of mice caused by caffeine. (2) ani-epilepsy katsutoxin and anti-epilepsy peptide can both prolong the hibernation period of epilepsy caused by Cephalosporins, compared to control group. The flare up is less intense, and the period is shorter. The anti-epilepsy peptide effect is strong, dosage is small and toxicity is low. (3) analgesic effect: the tail of xie (scorpion) is 5 times stronger than the body of xie (scorpion). Katsutoxin possesses a strong analgesic effect of different type of pain.
3. Effect on circulatory system: after injecting 50μg/0.1ml of katsutoxin, the quinea pigs' cardiac muscles showed stronger contraction strength and slowed down the heart rate. Katsutoxin can improve papilla muscles of rabbits and cause contraction of the aorta and this may caused by activating the Ca2+ pathway, increasing the the permeability of Ca2+.
4. Effect of anti thrombosis
5. Effect of anti-tumor
6. Xie (scorpion) possesses the immune system adjustmen in both directions. It can maintain the balance of human immune system.
1. 蠍毒蠍毒的其中化合物有防止 患牙周病老 鼠的 牙床骨頭退化。
2. 對中樞神經系統的作用 ①抗驚厥：全蠍粉末或提取物對小鼠有抗驚厥作用，小鼠靜脈注射由蠍毒分離出的 純 品多 胜肽-抗癲 癇肽0.28mg/kg對咖啡因引起的驚厥有明顯的抑制作用。②抗癲癇蠍毒 和抗癲癇肽均使頭孢菌素引起癲癇的潛伏期比對照組延長，發作程度 減輕，持續時間縮短；抗癲癇肽的作用強。用量小。毒性低。③鎮痛蠍尾的鎮痛作 用比蠍身強約5倍；蠍毒對各類疼痛均有很強的鎮痛作用。
3. 對心血管系統的作用 灌注蠍毒50μg/0.1ml後可使離體豚鼠心臟心肌收縮力明顯增強，同時引起 心率減慢。蠍毒能增加兔乳頭肌收縮力和引起主動脈條收縮，與其激活細胞Ca2+通道。增加膜對Ca2+的通透性有關。
4. 全蠍具有抗血栓。
5. 全蠍具有抗 腫瘤作用。
6. 蠍蛋白可以雙向調節人體免疫系統，維護人體免疫系統的平衡。
Actions & Indications主治﹕
Being used in epilepsy, stroke, paralysis, migraine, pain in arthritis, tetanus, tuberculosis in lymph nodes, urticaria, and bunacles.
治驚風抽搐。癲癎。中風。半身不遂。口 眼喎斜。偏頭痛。風濕痺痛。破傷風。淋巴結結核。風疹瘡腫。
Chemical ingredients化學成份﹕
Contains katsutoxin, a toxin which is only less toxic to the neurotoxin of poisonous snakes. katsutoxin composes of different toxin, including insect neurotoxin, beetle neurotoxin, mammal neurotoxon, polypetides that possess anti-epilepsy property, pain inhibiting polypeptides like tityustoxin, hyaluronidase, hemolysin. Hydrolysis of quan xie (whole scorpion) can produce many kind of amino acid which the human body required. It also contain 29 kinds of inorganic elements, especially high in magnesium, calcium, and zinc. It also contain taurine, palmitic acid, stearic acid, cholesterol, lecithin, katsu acid, trimethylamine, and betaine etc.主含蠍毒(katsutoxin)，是一類毒性僅次於蛇毒神經毒的蛋白質。蠍毒中含多種蠍毒素，包括昆虫類神經毒素，甲殼類神經毒素，哺乳動物神經毒素，抗癲癇活性的多胜肽polypeptides)， 鎮痛活性多肽如蠍毒素(tityustoxin)，透明質酸酶(hyaluronidase) ，磷脂酶A2(又稱溶血素) 。全蠍水解液含多種氨基 酸(為人體必須氨基酸) 。並含29種無機元素，尤其以鎂。鈣 。鋅的含量為多。此外尚含牛磺酸(taurine) 。軟脂酸(palmitic acid) 。硬脂酸(stearic acid) 。膽甾醇(cholesterol) 。卵磷脂(lecithin) 。蠍酸(katsu acid) 。三甲胺 (trimethylamine) 。甜菜鹼(betaine) 等成分。
註；多胜肽的『 胜』字不是『勝』字的减筆字。『 胜』讀做生(sheng1)。在中國大陸，『多胜肽 』寫作『多肽』，可能為了避免把胜字 當作勝字念。
Dosage用量﹕3～9g
Samples of formulae處方舉例﹕
<wen dan fang 溫膽湯>
宮頸癌： 露蜂房、全蠍各9克，水蛭、虻虫、制乳香、制沒藥、黃連、黃柏各6克，牡丹皮12克，龍膽草15克 共研勻，用銀花3克煎湯，泛制為愈黃丹， 丸如綠 豆大，雄黃為衣，每服1.5克，日服2次，溫開水送服。局部用宮頸散：麝香1.2克，蛇床子4.2克，血竭7.5克，沒藥9 克，乳香、兒茶、冰片 、硼砂、硇砂各10.5克，鐘乳石、雄黃各13.2克，鉛丹46.5克，白礬285克 共研末，為宮頸散，每用適量，塗 敷 宮頸，每周 2次。如此內服 外塗 ，連續6個月，白帶減少，出血停止。繼續至婦科復查，病灶消失，宮頸光滑。
Modern Research現代研究﹕
According to a report from Harvard University a compound found in scorpion venom has inhibited bone loss in an animal model of advanced periodontal disease.[1]
哈佛大學一項研究發現， 蠍子毒液中的一種成分Kalitoxin讓患有 牙周病骨質損失的老 鼠，在10天內，減少84%的下顎骨質損失，而且這些老鼠並沒有因毒液而發生致命的副作用，例如心臟病或腎臟問題。Kalitoxin 可能有助治療下顎骨引起的牙周病。關節炎或骨質疏鬆症。
Toxicity & Cautions毒素與禁忌﹕
Toxic dosage is 30 to 60 g. The ingredients the are toxic include neurotoxin, haemolysis toxin, bleeding toxin and blood vessel constricting toxin.
Allergic re-action: it can cause rash, urticaria, (hives) and may also accompanied with fever..
中毒量30～60g。主要有毒成分有神經毒素。溶血毒素。出血毒素。心血管收縮毒素等。
過敏反應:個別服後會出現過敏反應，出現皮疹，風團 (蕁麻疹) ，可伴有發熱等症狀。
[1] http://www.hno.harvard.edu/gazette/2004/01.08/01-scorpion.html
http://202.194.30.81/syx/syxjc/dong-quanxie.htm
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
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