bei mu貝母

Chuan bei mu  川 貝 母
Zhe bei mu  浙 貝 母
Pharmaceutical name英文药名：
chuan bei mu/ Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae
zhe bei mu/ Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Other Names別名：
chuan bei mu:  chuan bei 川貝, jian bei mu 尖貝母
zhe bei mu: zhe bei 浙貝, xiang bei 象貝, da bei mu 大貝母
Common Name: tendrilled fritillaria blb, fritillaria
Prescription Names處方名﹕
chuan bei, zhe bei, dong bei, da bei, yuan bao bei, zhu bei.
川貝﹐浙貝﹐東貝﹐大貝﹐元寶貝﹐珠貝。
Distribution分佈：
chuan bei mu: Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang
zhe bei mu: Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan
川貝母：四川，云南，西藏。
浙貝母：浙江，江蘇，安徽，湖南。
Properties (characteristics)藥性:
chuan bei mu/ mildly cold, sweet, bitter
zhe bei mu/ bitter cold
川貝母: 性微寒，味甘苦 。
浙貝母: 苦，寒。
Channels (meridians) entered歸經:
heart, lung
心, 肺
Actions & Indications功用:
Clears lung heat and rids of phlegm, hot cough due to yinxu with thick phlegm, breast scrofula, nodules, external application for boils.
Chuan bei mu is mildly cold and good for moisturizing: chronic cough that injured yin ( into yinxu), dry cough without phlegm.
zhe bei mu is colder than chuan bei mu: its purging is stronger than chuan bei mu. It is used for getting rid of stagnant phlegm, stopping cough, scrofula and boils. Suitable for cough with yellow phlegm.
潤肺散結，止咳化痰。肺 熱 ，陰虛 咳 嗽 痰 稠 ， 肺癰，乳 腺 炎 ，  肺 虛 ， 瘰 瘳 ， 久 咳 ， 外治惡瘡。
川貝母苦甘微寒，以滋潤見長，用於肺燥咳嗽及久咳傷陰，乾咳無痰的。
浙貝母苦寒，寒性大於川貝，開泄力大。適用於外感風邪，用於清肺散結，化痰止咳，瘰癧痰核，癰腫瘡毒之證。有黃痰者適用。
Medical Function:
1. Suppress cough and expels phlegm.
2. Small amount of the saponin can raise blood pressure of dogs, cats, and rabbits while large amount can lower it.
3. injection of 7.5 ml/kg peimine to rabbits, increased blood sugar and it was able to maintain it for more than 2 hours [3]
4. antibiotic effect.
祛痰止咳。
小量的貝母之皂素能增高貓，狗，兔子的血壓。大量則能降低其血壓。
給兔子注射7.5ml/kg 貝母甲素能增高其血糖并能维持多過2小時。
有抗生素之作用。
Chemical Ingredients化學成份:
1. Chuan bei mu (川貝母): chinpeimine, sonpeimine, fritimine, sipemine.
2. An zi bei mu (暗紫貝母):  songbeisine, 26-Imino-17, 23beta-oxido-5alpha-jerv-12-en-11-oxo-3beta-ol[1].
3. Gansu bei mu (甘肅貝母): minpeimine, minpeiminine.
4. Suo sha bei mu (梭砂貝母): Imperialine, Delavine, Delavinone[2], Chuanbeinone[3], Dalafrinone [(22S, 25S) -3beta, 16Beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-cevanin-6-one], Dalafrine[ (22S, 25S) -5alpha-cevanine-3beta, 6beta, 16beta-triol] (22R, 25S) - Solanid-5-enine-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol[4], beilupeimine, fritiminine.
5. Zhe bei mu (浙貝母): peimine, peiminine, propeimine, peimidine, peimiphine, peimisine, peimitidinek, isoverticine, peimisnoside.
Dosage用量:
For decoction: 3 to 10 g. As powder form (mixed in water): 1 to 2 g.
煎服:3克至10克。研粉沖服或調服用1克至2克。
Commonly Used formulae常用配方:
dang gui bei mu ku shen wan, jie geng bai san, yang fei tang.
當歸貝母苦參丸，桔梗白散，養肺湯。
Cautions禁忌:
Not to use by those with pixu (spleen deficient), cold, with wet phlegm and cold cough. Also not to use she dan chuan bei mo, chen pi chuan bei mo, chuan bei mu, fu fang she dan chuan bei mo. Raw bei mu is toxic and not for internal use.
脾虛及有濕痰 寒咳者忌用貝母。 包括：蛇膽川貝末，陳皮川貝末，川貝末，復方蛇膽川貝末。生的貝母有毒， 不可內服。