Qing mu xiang （青木香）a wrong substitute, belongs to Aristolochia family, which is toxic to the kidneys.
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Radix Aucklandiae
Botanical name 學名﹕Aucklandia lappa Deene/ Saussurea lappa Clarke/ Inula racemosa, Hook fil (土木香，藏木香)/ Aucklandia costus, Falk
Other Names 別 名﹕
guang mu xiang (orginally those that imported from India and came through Guangdong province), yun mu xiang (those grown in Yunnan province)
廣木香(原為印度產木香﹐經廣東入口)﹐雲木香(於雲南種植的木香)
Common Name 英文名﹕costus root.
Distribution 產地﹕mainly in Yunnan, also in Sichuan and Tibet/ 主產於云南。四川﹐ 西藏也有生產。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕acrid, bitter, warm/ 辛﹐苦﹐溫。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕gallbladder, large intestine, spleen, stomach/ 膽﹐大腸﹐脾﹐胃。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
anti fungus
improves movements of digestive tract, relieves flatulence and pain.
anti HBV antigen[1]
抗真菌
促進胃腸蠕動，緩解胃腸氣脹疼痛
抗乙型肝炎病毒，
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
flatulence and pain in the abdomen, diarrhea, vomiting caused by weak digestion. For bronchitis, digestive tract infection: yeast infection, dysentery, and lack of appetite.
氣滯胸腹脹痛，霍亂吐瀉，痢疾 ，裏急後重，慢性胃腸炎 (細菌或真菌感染)，支氣管炎﹐食慾不振。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份--
Evaporating oil 揮發油：
Aplotaxene/ 雲木香烯 (單紫杉烯)
(+)-β-costol/ (+)-β-木 香醇
Dehydrocostus lactone/ 脫氫木香內酯
Dihydrodehydrocostus lactone/ 二氫脫 氫木香內酯
α- ionone/ α- 紫 羅蘭酮
β-selnene/ β-芹子烯
saussure alactone/ 風毛菊內酯
Costic acid/ 木香酸
Castunolide/ 木香烯內酯
β-costene/ β-木香烯 (α- 木 香烴)
α- costene/ α- 木 香烯 (α- 木 香烴)β-elemene/ 欖香烯
β-selinene/ 芹子烯
Dihydrocostunolide/ 二氫木香內酯
Costus lactone/ 木香內酯
Friedelin/ 無羈帖
terpenoids type essential oil/ 烯帖類精油
Organic ingredients 有機成份：
Palmitic acid/ 棕櫚酸
Linderic acid/ 天台烏藥酸
Also contains 另含：
calcium oxalate/ 草酸鈣
Dosage 用 量﹕3 ~ 10 g.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
xiang sha liu jun zi tang 香砂六君子湯
gui pi tang 歸脾湯
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
Beware of using the wrong substitute, qing mu xiang (root of ma dou ling) (Aristolochia delibis Sieb.) is toxic for the kidneys.
Do not use mu xiang in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) condition.
Allergic reaction: mild abdominal pain, itchiness, tightness in chest
area, and diarrhea.
青木香有毒﹐為 馬兜鈴之根﹐對腎 臟有大毒。不可用。
陰虛， 津液不足 者 慎服木香。 不良反應包括：輕微腹痛，發痒，胸悶，腹瀉。
Note: [1] Antiviral Res. 1995 May;27(1-2):99-109.
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)
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