Status

Current conditions ICD-9-CM:
2003
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
2010
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
2012
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
375.15 TEAR FILM INSUFFICIENCY,UNSPECIFIED
367.89 OTHER DISORDERS OF REFRACTION AND ACCOMMODATION
377.61 ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS
729.1 MYALGIA AND MYOSITIS, UNSPECIFIED
719.39 PALINDROMIC RHEUMATISM,MULTIPLE SITES
680.0 CARBUNCLE AND FURUNCLE, FACE
378.41 ESOPHORIA
311 DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
523.8 OTHER PERIODONTAL DISEASES(PERIODONTAL POCKET,GINGIVAL POLYP)
681.02 ONYCHIA AND PARONYCHIA OF FINGER
2013
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
704.8 OTHER DISEASES OF HAIR AND HAIR FOLLICLES
706.1 OTHER ACNE
444.22 ARTERIAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
375.15 TEAR FILM INSUFFICIENCY,UNSPECIFIED
367.89 OTHER DISORDERS OF REFRACTION AND ACCOMMODATION
377.61 ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS
378.41 ESOPHORIA
728.85 (728.850) SPASM OF MUSCLE
353.4 LUMBOSACRAL ROOT LESIONS,NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
780.52 (780.520) OTHER INSOMNIA
788.43 NOCTURIA
2014
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
374.05 TRICHIASIS WITHOUT ENTROPION
372.72 CONJUNCTIVAL HEMORRHAGE
375.15 TEAR FILM INSUFFICIENCY,UNSPECIFIED
367.89 OTHER DISORDERS OF REFRACTION AND ACCOMMODATION
377.61 ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS
378.41 ESOPHORIA
2015
225.0 BENIGN NEOPLASM OF BRAIN
345.90 UNSPECIFIED EPILEPSY WITHOUT MENTION OF INTRACTABLE EPILEPSY
705.83 HIDRADENITIS
698.8 OTHER PRURITIC CONDITIONS
686.9 UNSPECIFIED LOCAL INFECTIONS OF SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
686.09 OTHER PYODERMA
272.0 PURE HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA (FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTESTEROLEMIA)
729.1 MYALGIA AND MYOSITIS, UNSPECIFIED
719.39 PALINDROMIC RHEUMATISM,MULTIPLE SITES
377.61 ASSOCIATED WITH NEOPLASMS
311 DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
307.48 REPETITIVE INTRUSIONS OF SLEEP
705.81 DYSHIDROSIS
372.72 CONJUNCTIVAL HEMORRHAGE
680.2 CARBUNCLE AND FURUNCLE, TRUNK
523.3 ACUTE PERIODONTITIS(ACUTE PERICORONITIS)
Current conditions ICD-10-CM:
2016

E780 Pure hypercholesterolemia
G40.909 Epilepsy, unspecified, not intractable, without status epilepticus
L301 Dyshidrosis [pompholyx]
F32.9 Major depressive disorder, single episode, unspecified
D33.2 Benign neoplasm of brain, unspecified
H04.123 Dry eye syndrome of bilateral lacrimal glands
H47.529 Disorders of visual pathways in (due to) neoplasm, unspecified side
H02.052 Trichiasis without entropian right lower eyelid
H11.31 Conjunctival hemorrhage, right eye
H52.6 Other disorders of refraction
H50.51 Esophoria
H02.055 Trichiasis without entropian left lower eyelid
H47.099 Other disorders of optic nerve, not elsewhere classified, unspecified eye
F51.8 Other sleep disorders not due to a substance or known physiological condition
G40.901 Epilepsy, unspecified, not intractable, with status epilepticus
L0881 Pyoderma vegetans
B009 Herpesviral infection, unspecified
J069 Acute upper respiratory infection, unspecified
M79.1 Myalgia
M12.39 Palindromic rheumatism, multiple sites

Current treatment centers:
GP/ The department of Neurosurgical emergency & Critical Care of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Branch/ TCM oncology of China Medical University Hospital Cancer Center/ and Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare

Contents of reference sources:
MIMS- Search drug information/ interaction/ images & medical diagnosis.
Complementary and Alternative Healing University- Dictionary of Chinese Herbs. http://alternativehealing.org
Database 醫砭‧沈藥子 http://yibian.hopto.org
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Wiki http://www.tcmwiki.com/

Saturday, March 22, 2014

niu xi (chuan)牛膝(川)

Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Radix Cyathulae
Botanical name 學名﹕Cyathula officinalis Kuan
Other Names 別名 ﹕
niu xi (in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan) 牛膝 (四川,貴州,雲南)
tian quan niu xi 天全牛膝
du niu xi 都牛膝
mi xin niu xi 米心牛膝
jia niu xi 家牛膝
ruo niu xi 肉牛膝
da niu xi 大牛膝
guai niu xi 拐牛膝
tian niu xi 甜牛膝
tian chuan niu xi 甜川牛膝
long niu xi ( in Sichuan) 龍牛膝 (四川)
Common Name 英文名﹕Cyathula Root
Distribution 產地﹕
mainly being produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou.
Recently also propagated in Shaanxi, Hubei, and Hunan.
主產於四川、雲南、貴州。近年來陝西、湖北、湖 南有栽培。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
sweet, slightly bitter, neutral.
甘,微苦,平。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
liver, kidney.
入肝,腎經。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
1. effects on uterus: the extract of this herb can relax the the pregnant and non-pregnant uteri of guinea pigs and non-pregnant cats.
2. anti-pregnancy: using benzene extract of chuan niu xi 2.5 g (raw herb)/kg, continuously feeding lab mice for 3 days, starting from 7th days of pregnancy. The anti-pregnancy rate is 100% (15 mice) with fetuses aborted, or death or bleeding from the vagina. [3]
3. effect on blood circulation
4. effect on metabolism
5. cholagogue (promotes bile secretion)
6. lowers lipids
7. effect on immune system
8. promotes recovery of liver function of laboratory rats from
hepatitis caused by heliotrine.
The following will be translated.
1. 對子宮的作用:
    本品的流浸膏能使豚鼠已孕及未孕子宮和貓的未孕子宮弛緩,
    使家兔 已孕及未孕子宮和貓的已孕子宮收縮[1,2]。
2. 抗生育作用:
    川牛膝的苯提取物2.5g(生 藥)/kg,從小白鼠妊娠第7日 開始,連續灌服3日 。抗生育的有效率為100%(15只), 使胚胎排出,死亡或陰道流血[3]。又報道,本品苯提取物250mg/kg抗 生育有效率為100%,500mg/kg抗 著床的有效率也為100%,而乙酸乙酯提取物效果較差,醇提取物作用最弱[4]。
3. 對血液流變學的影響:
    川牛膝煎劑l0g/kg灌 胃,每日2次,連續3日,對正 常及急性血淤模型大鼠的各項血液流變學指標均無明顯影響。在抗凝實驗中,對大鼠血漿復鈣時間明顯延長,表明本品有一定活血作用,但其效果 不如懷牛膝[5]。
4. 對代謝的影響:
    給幼鼠連續投與蛻皮甾酮60日 ,除明顯促進體重增加及肝腎蛋白合成增加外,尚可發現肝細胞處於分裂活化狀態,生成巨核,雙核或多核細胞。這些作用在成熟小鼠表現較弱[6]。 大鼠灌服蛻皮甾酮有同化作用,能增加未成熟閹割雄大鼠提肛肌重量,對未成熟及成熟大鼠可增加體重,內臟及骨骼肌重量和總蛋白量,對糖代謝 也有明顯影響,使肝糖原及肌糖原含量增加,但對脂肪代謝影響很小[7]。也有報道認 為本品對閹割動物無雄激素樣作用[8]。
5. 利膽作用:
    蛻皮甾酮5mg/(kg/d)灌 胃1次或連用7日,均能促進大 鼠膽汁分泌,並能改變膽汁的成分,使膽酸及膽紅素含量增加,膽固醇含量降低[9]。
6. 降脂作用:
    蛻皮甾酮10mg/kg灌 胃能抑制WR-1339所致大鼠高膽固醇血症及高甘油三酷血症,對兔實驗性動脈硬化 也有抑制作用[10]。
7. 對免疫功能的影響:
    蛻皮甾酮1mg/kg腹 腔注射,能使羊紅細胞免疫小鼠的脾臟抗體形成細胞增加。此外,能促進培養人皮膚成纖維細胞的蛋白質合成,但通常抑制植物血凝素刺激的培養 人淋巴細胞的DNA合成[11]。
8. 其他作用:
    蛻皮甾酮對天芥菜鹼(heliotrine)所 致肝炎大鼠,有加速肝功能恢復正常的作用[9]。
(以上中文取材自http://www.hulu.com.tw)
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
rheumatism, hematuria, amenorrhea, abdominal mass (fibroids of the uterus, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, pelvic inflammation, blood retention due to gynatresia, extra-uterine pregnancy, bleeding in the uterus, and other pelvic masses)
濕腰膝疼痛,腳痿筋攣,血淋,尿血,婦女經閉,症瘕(子宮肌瘤,卵巢囊腫,子宮內膜異位症, 盆腔炎性包 塊, 陰道閉鎖的月經瀦留, 陳舊性宮外孕, 內生殖器的畸胎瘤, 或某些婦科癌變等所表現的盆腔腫塊, 脹痛, 或出血。 )
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
root contains β-ecdysterone and trace amount of titanium (12.5ug/g).
根含β-蛻皮甾酮(β-ecdysterone)及微量元素 鈦(12.5ug/g)等]。
Dosage 用量﹕
for decoction: 6 to 10 g, or use in pills or in powder form. It can be used for soaking in alcohol for drinking.
煎湯: 6~10g;或入丸,散,亦可 泡酒飲。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
1. Name of formula: xie qing tang with adjustment
Application: hypertension with headache, constipation, stringy, stiff and large on the 3 positions of the pulse.
Composition: fang feng,  long dan cao,  shan zhi zi,  da huang,  huang qin,  chuan niu xi.
加減瀉青丸 (小兒藥證直訣)
主治:功能主治 高血壓頭痛,氣實便結,脈三部弦硬而大者。
處方 防風、龍膽草、山梔子、大黃  、黃芩、川牛膝。  用法用量 水煎服。 摘錄 《雜病証治新義》
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
not to use in case of pregnancy, excess bleeding during menstruation and spermatorrhea
懷孕,經期出血過多,遺精者忌用。
(by: Joe Hing kwok Chu)
[other]
土牛膝的外形特點:一年生或二年生草本,高達1米。莖直立或披散,堅實,具4棱,有分枝,被柔毛,大如膝狀,入秋后地上部分變成暗紅色。單葉對生,具柄。夏、秋間開淡綠色小花,穗狀花序頂生,直立。胞果卵形,長約3毫米。
                        功效:土牛膝具有清熱,解毒,利尿,用于治療感冒發熱,扁桃體炎,白喉,流行性腮腺炎,瘧疾,風濕性關節炎,泌尿系結石,腎炎水腫等病癥。
懷牛膝的外形特點:根呈園柱形,莖有棱角,節部膨大,狀似牛的膝蓋,條子粗壯、明亮、色澤鮮艷,油性大。
                        功效:具有抗炎與鎮痛作用。還具有將膽囊、腎臟、膀胱、尿道的結石化解并排出體外的功能。其有效成分有一定的興奮子宮、抗衰老作用。利尿、解痙效果明顯,對人體因缺乏鋅、錳所導致內分泌功能低下或腺體萎縮,生長緩慢、陽痿、不孕、習慣性流產等病理變化有較好的療效。懷牛膝富含牛膝多糖有明顯的增強體液免疫功能作用。
<川牛膝分為甜牛膝和麻牛膝>
甜牛膝的外形特點:呈近圓柱形,微扭曲,向下略細或有少數分枝,長30~60cm,直徑0.5~3cm。表面黃棕色或灰褐色,具縱皺紋、支根痕和多數橫長的皮孔樣突起。質韌,不易折斷,斷面淺黃色或棕黃色,維管束點狀,排列成數輪同心環。氣微,味甜。
                        功效:甜牛膝具有祛風,利濕,通經,活血的功效。主治風濕腰膝疼痛,腳痿筋攣,血淋,尿血,婦女經閉,癥瘕。用于經閉癥瘕,胞衣不下,關節痹痛,足痿筋攣,尿血血淋,跌撲損傷。
麻牛膝的外形特點:麻牛膝為植物頭花蒽草的干燥根,性狀與川牛膝相似,但根條較短,呈長圓錐形或圓柱狀錐形,兩端粗細相差較大,一般扭曲。多年生草本,高50-100cm。根粗壯,灰褐色或棕紅色,根條圓錐狀。莖直立,近四棱形,具分枝,莖及枝皆疏生灰色長柔毛。

(來源:中國藥材市場 http://big5.39kf.com/medicine/pro/zy/GAP/03/2014-03-28-905980.shtml)

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