mo yao沒藥

Pharmaceutical name英文藥名﹕Myrrha
Botanical name學名﹕Commiphora molmol, Engi/ Balsamodendron Myrrha/ Commiphora Myrrha/ Commiphora abyssinica Engl.
Other Names別名﹕mo yao 末藥 (written differently in the first character)
【處方名】 ：沒藥，末藥，制沒藥，炙沒藥，醋炒沒藥，明沒藥，生沒藥，生明沒藥。 處方中寫沒藥，末藥均指生沒藥。
Common Name英文名﹕myrrh
Distribution產地﹕north eastern Africa and Middle East
Properties(characteristics)性味﹕
bitter, neutral
味苦，性平
Channels (meridians) entered歸經﹕
liver, spleen, heart
入肝，脾，心 ，腎經。
①《本草經疏》：“入足厥陰經。”②《本草新編》：“入 脾，腎二經。”③《本草求真》：“入心，肝。”
Medical functions藥理﹕
1. inhibits pain
2. antibiotic
3. reduce swelling (detumescent )
4. wound healing
1. 鎮痛
2. 抑菌
3. 消腫
4. 療傷口
Actions & Indications主治﹕
For pain due to injuries, bruises, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors in the uterus, hemorrhoid,  cataract, amenorrhea , bone and muscle ache﹐  angina pectoris.
External use on inflammation of the mouth cavity, periodontitis,wounds from cut not healing, and pharyngitis.
有活血止痛,消 腫生肌的功能。
治跌打損傷, 瘀痛, 金瘡,筋骨, 心腹諸痛, 風濕痹 痛,症 瘕,經閉, 痈疽肿痛, 痔漏, 目障, 或 氣滞血瘀的心胸悶痛。
外用於瘡瘍腫痛或潰破久不收口, 口腔炎，牙齦炎，咽炎 。
Chemical ingredients化學成份﹕
Contains 2.5% to 9% of volatile oil, 25% to 35% of resin, 57% - 65% of gum, water and other impurities about 3 to 4%. In top quality mo yao (myrrh), the part that is not soluble in alcohol should not exceed 70% and ash should not exceed 5%. Because mo yao comes from different sources, the ingredients can be slightly different.
主要含2.5%～9%的揮發油，25%～35%的樹脂，57%～65%的膠等成分，此外為水分及各種雜質約3～4%。上等沒藥的醇不溶性成分不超過70%；灰分不超5%。沒藥成分可因來源不同而稍有差異。
α -,β-Heerabomyrrholic acid/α -,β- 罕沒藥酸
α -,β- γ-Commiphoric acid/α -,β- γ-沒 藥酸
Commiphorinic acid/沒藥尼酸
α -,β-Heerabomyrrhol/α -,β-罕沒藥酚
Heeraboresene/罕沒藥樹脂
Commiferin/沒藥萜醇
myrrholic acid/沒藥酸
methanoic acid (formic acid)/甲酸
acetic acid/乙酸 (醋酸）
oxidase/氧化酶
Eugenol/丁香油酚; (丁香酚) (揮發油)
m-Cresol/間苯甲酚
Cumin aldehyde/枯醛
Pine-ne/蒎烯
Dipentene/二戊烯
Limonene/檸檬烯
Cinnamic aldehyde/桂皮醛
Heerabolene/罕沒藥烯
間甲基酚(揮發油)
cuminaldehyde/枯茗醛
cinnamaldehyde/桂皮醛
formic acid ester/甲酸酯
acetic acid ester/乙酸酯
ester of myrrholic acid/沒藥酸酯
heerabolene/罕沒藥烯
α-，β-bisabolene/α 及β－沒藥烯
dl-limonene/dl-苧烯
myrrhin/沒藥樹脂
After heating, the following were obtained加熱得沒藥脂酸類：
α-,β-, γ-commiphoric acid/α-，β-，γ－沒藥脂酸
com-miphorinic acid/次沒藥脂酸
α -,β-heerabomyrrholic acid/α－，β－罕沒藥脂酸
α－heerabomyrrhol/α－罕沒藥脂酚
β－heer-abomyrrhol/β－罕沒藥脂酚
protocatechuic acid/原兒茶酸
catechol/兒茶酚
heeraboresene/罕沒藥氧化樹脂
gum arabic/阿拉伯樹膠
After hydrolysis, the following were obtained水解得:
arabinoxylan/阿拉伯聚糖
xylans/木聚糖
galactan, galactosan/半乳 聚糖
Dosage用量﹕
For decoction: 3 to 9 g.
For external use: use appropriate amount. Grind into powder and make into paste and apply to affected areas.
內服入煎劑﹕ 3～9克。
外用：適量﹐研末調敷。
Samples of formulae處方舉例﹕
Combination:
1. combine with ru xiang: rids of blood stasis, loosens tight tendons.
2. combine with chuan shan jia: lessens swelling and pain; rids of blood stasis.
3. combine with xue jie: lessens pain and rids of blood stasis.
4. combine with xiong huang: lessens swelling, promote new growth of tissues, rids of infections.
1. 配乳香， 活血散瘀，行氣舒筋。
2. 配穿山甲 ，活血散瘀，消腫止痛。
3. 配血竭， 活血散瘀，止痛。
4. 配雄黄， 消腫生肌，燥濕解毒。
Toxicity & Cautions毒素與禁忌 ﹕
use with care in cases of weak digestion. Not to use where there is not blood stasis, or  in cases of where boils have been ripen and ulcerated or in cases of pregnancies.
胃弱者慎服。 無淤滯 ，癰疽已潰及孕婦忌用。(Edited by: Joe Hing kwok Chu/Complementary and Alternative Healing University)