Qing Wen Bai Du Yin 清瘟敗毒飲

Qing Wen Bai Du Yin (San)–clear Heat, detoxify, cool blood, drains Fire
Shi Gao (gypsum)…60-120g
Zhi Mu (radix anemarrhenae asphodeloidis)…6-12g
Gan Cao (radix glycyrrhizae uralensis)…3-6g
Dan Zhu Ye (herba lophatheri gracilis)…3-6g
Xi Jiao (cornu rhinoceri)…9-12g
Sheng Di Huang (radix rehmanniae glutinosae)…9-15g
Mu Dan Pi (cortex moutan radicis)…6-12g
Chi Shao (radix paeoniae rubrae)…6-12g
Xuan Shen (radix scrophulariae ningpiensis)…6-12g
Huang Lian (rhizoma coptidis)…6-12g
Huang Qin (radix scutellariae)…3-9g
Zhi Zi (fructus gardeniae jasminoidis)…6-12g
Lian Qiao (fructus forsythiae suspensae)…6-12g
Jie Geng (radix platycodi grandiflori)…3-6g
Indications:  severe Fire in the Qi and Xue levels. This formula is basically a combination of Bai Hu Tang, Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang, and Huang Lian Jie Du Tang, therefore one can understand it’s usage and power. 
Powerful high fevers and excessive thirst show Qi level Heat, headache and rashes with general malaise shows Fire toxin, irritability, various bleeding, and rashes show Heat in the Xue level.  T- dark red (lips are also dark red), P- rapid and thin or floating and large (if the Fire has penetrated but still partially remains in the superficial levels of the body).  If severe the patient may show delirious speech and altering of consciousness.
(Qing Wen Bai Du Yin - Yi Zhen Yi De http://tcm.health-info.org/formulas/singles/qing-wen-bai-du-yin-san.htm)
方名: 清瘟敗毒飲
來源: 疫疹一得
【製法用量】
生石膏50克(大劑6～8兩，中劑2～4兩，小劑8錢～1.2兩)  小生地15克(大劑6錢～1兩， 中劑3錢～5錢，小劑2～4錢)  烏犀角5克(大劑6～8錢，中劑3～4錢，小劑2～4錢)  真川連6克(大劑6～4錢，中劑2～4錢，小劑1～1.5錢)  梔子10克  桔梗10克  黃芩10克  知母10克  赤芍10克  玄參15克  連翹10克  竹葉10克  牡丹皮10克  甘草5克  
石膏煎十餘分鐘後，再入餘藥同煎；犀角磨汁和服，或研末，或先煎對入，分二次服。疫證初起，惡寒發熱，頭痛如裂，煩躁譫妄，身熱肢冷，舌刺唇焦，上嘔下洩，六脈沉細而數者用大劑，沉而數者用中劑，浮大而數者用小劑。
【功效】
清熱瀉火，涼血解毒。
【主治】
濕熱疫毒及一切火熱之證。氣血兩燔，高熱狂躁，心煩不眠，或神昏譫語，頭痛如劈，大渴引飲，咽痛乾嘔，發斑吐血，舌絳唇焦，脈沉細而數，或沉數，或浮大而數。
【方義】
本方為綜合《傷寒論》白虎湯、《外台秘要》引《小品方》之芍藥地黃湯、《外台秘要》引《崔氏方》之黃連解毒湯等三方加減而成。方中重用石膏合知母、甘草以清陽明之熱；黃連、黃芩、梔子三藥合用能瀉三焦實火；犀角、丹皮、生地、赤芍專于涼血解毒化瘀；連翹、玄參、桔梗、甘草清熱透邪利咽；竹葉清心利尿，導熱下行。諸藥合用，既清氣分之火，又涼血分之熱，是治療氣血兩燔的主要方劑。
【辨證要點】
若斑一出，加大青葉，并少佐升麻1.2～1.5克；大便不通，加生軍；大渴不已，加石膏、天花粉；胸膈遏鬱，加川連、枳殼、桔梗、瓜蔞霜。
【現代應用】
現用於流行性乙型腦炎、流行性腦脊髓膜炎、敗血症等表現為氣血兩燔症狀者。
(by 醫砭 http://yibian.idv.tw/fang/?fno=222)

Chai Hu Qing Gan Tang 柴胡清肝湯

Alternative Names:
Bupleurum Liver-Clearing Decoction
chai hu qing gan tang
chai hu ching kan tang
saiko seikan to
Saiko-seikan-tō
柴胡清肝湯
さいこせいかんとう
TJ80; TJ-80; TJ 80
chái hú shū gān wán
柴胡舒肝丸
Ingredients:
Dang Gui 當歸/ tangkuei, Chinese angelica root Radix Angelicae Sinensis [supports pregnancy]
Chai Hu 柴胡/ hare’s ear root, thorowax root, bupleurum Radix Bupleuri [caution]
Sheng Di Huang 生地黃/ Chinese foxglove root, rehmannia (fresh),Rehmannia root Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae
Chi Shao 赤芍/ red peony root Radix Peoniae Rubrae
Niu Bang Zi 牛蒡子/ great burdock fruit, arctium Fructus Arctii Lappae
Chuan Xiong 川芎/ Sichuan lovage root, cnidium, chuanxiong root Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong
Huang Qin 黃苓/ baical skullcap root, scutellaria, scute Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis [supports pregnancy]
Zhi Zi 梔子/ cape jasmine fruit, gardenia Gardeniae Fructus
Tian Hua Fen 天花粉/ trichosanthes root Radix Trichosanthis Kirilowii [don’t use if pregnant]
Gan Cao 甘草/ licorice root Radix Glycyrrhizae [caution]
Fang Feng 防風/ saposhnikovia root, ledebouriella root, siler Radix Ledebouriellae Divaricatae
Lian Qiao 連翹/ forsythia fruit Forsythiae Fructus
Adult Dosage:
At this dosage, your order will last approximately this long (?):
100 grams powder (capsules or powder): 8 to 25 days
200 grams powder (powder only): 19 to 56 days
This formula can be used to support health with or without symptoms. If symptoms are present, take 1 level teaspoon of the powder (8 capsules) three times daily. When symptoms are not present, take 1/2 level teaspoon (4 capsules), two times daily. Empty stomach is best for efficient absorption, but not essential.
<by EagleHerbs.com>
http://eagleherbs.com/buy/bupleurum-and-rehmannia-formula-chai-hu-qing-gan-tang-4193
方名: 柴胡清肝湯
來源: 一貫堂
【製法用量】
柴胡2錢  當歸1.5錢  芍藥1.5錢  川芎1.5錢  生地黃1.5錢  黃連1.5錢  黃芩1.5錢  黃柏1.5錢  山梔子1.5錢  連翹1.5錢  桔梗1.5錢  牛蒡子1.5錢  天花粉1.5錢  薄荷葉1.5錢  甘草1.5錢  
【功效】
疏肝清熱。
【主治】
肝膽經及三焦之實熱證。症見胸脅不舒，寒熱往來，口苦咽乾、咽痛或耳鳴、耳痛、皮膚搔癢、或婦人帶下陰癢、舌紅、苔黃膩、脈弦數或浮數。
【方義】
本方係溫清飲，加入散風熱之品而成，故此方具有和血疏肝清肝之功效，並可治實熱。尤治肝、膽經之火熱證。方中重用柴胡，取其疏肝之功，並領諸藥入肝經；用四物湯養血以柔肝，其中熟地易生地、取其清熱之功較強也。另用黃連解毒湯清熱解毒，治一切火熱之證；薄荷，連翹、牛蒡子、桔梗疏風清熱，解毒，利咽；栝蔞仁，清熱化痰，潤腸通便。諸藥合用，共成清肝解毒，散風除熱之功。
【辨證要點】
肝、膽、三焦經實熱證。
口苦咽乾。
寒熱往來。
苔黃膩。
脈弦數。
【加減】
肝邪風熱：加羌活、荊芥。
化膿性扁桃腺炎：加山豆根、射干、玄參。
惡寒發熱：加桑葉、菊花。
帶下陰癢：加敗醬草、苦參、蛇床子。
甲狀腺炎：加夏枯草。
【現代應用】
急慢性肝炎、皮膚炎、青春痘、腮腺炎、慢性扁桃腺炎、甲狀腺炎、神經官能症、頸淋巴結腫大、耳後淋巴腺炎、肋膜炎、陰道炎、尿道炎、中耳炎。
<醫砭 http://yibian.idv.tw/about/?mn=guiyaozi>

xuan shen 玄参

Pharmaceutical name 英文药名：Radix Scrophulariae Ningpoensis
Biological name 拉丁學名：Scrophularia mingpeonsis Hemsl.
Common Name 英文名：ningpo figwort root, scrophularia
Other Names 別名：
yuan shen, hei shen, hei xuan shen
元参，黑参，黑玄参。
Distribution 分佈：
Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan
浙江，湖北，江蘇，江西，四川。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
salty, sweet, bitter, cold
味﹕鹹﹐ 甜﹐苦。性﹕寒
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
kidney, lung stomach
腎﹐肺﹐胃
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
cooling blood, promote yin, rid of toxin and heat,and soothing the throat.
清熱解毒，滋陰除煩，利咽喉 。
Medical Function 藥理﹕
1. Effect on heart and blood vessels: lower blood pressure due to vasso-dilation, especially in renal hypertension.
2. Anti bacterial effect:
3. Effect on concentration of blood sugar
4. Anti inflammatory effect
5. Sedative effect
6. Anti-pyretic
1. 擴張血管
2. 抗菌
3. 降低血醣
4. 抗炎
5. 解熱
6. 鎮靜
Chemical ingredients 化學成份：
harpagoside, harpagide, aucubin, 6-methylcatapol, ningpogoside A, B, mingpogenin scropoliside A, angoroside, trace amount of evaporing oil, glucose,  oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, carotene and saponins.
Dosage per day 每日用量﹕9 to 30 g
Samples of formulae 處方舉例：
1. For infection with high fever, red tongue, & thirst: xuan shen, sheng di huang, mai dong, jin yin hua, lian qiao and huang liang. Boil with water to make tea.
2. For habitual constipation: xuan shen 15 g, dang gui 14 g, tian hua fen 15 g, lai fu zi 30 g. Make into powder. Take 6 g each time, 3 times a day. 10 days is one treatment.  Result: among 96 patients, using 1 to 3 treatments, 86 were healed; 7 were effective and 3 were not effective.
3. For cold with sore throat
1. 感染而有高熱，舌紅，口渴：玄参，生地黄， 麥東 ， 金銀花， 連翹，黄連。.水 煎服。
2. 長期便秘：玄参15 g, 當歸 14 g, 天花粉 15 g, 萊菔子30 g。共為末。每次服6 g。每天3次。十日為一療程。 療效：96病例。用1～3療程。86痊愈。7例 有效。3例無效。
3. 感 冒喉痛
Cautions禁忌：
not to use in cases of spleen or stomach dampness without heat (huo) , or diarrhea due to pixu.
Some sources mentioned that xuan shen is incompatible with huang qi, gan jiang, da zao, li lu, ku shen and shan zhu yu.
li lu, ku shen and xuan shen may trigger irregular heart rate. The combinations of the herb may intensify the effect.
脾虛泄瀉者或寒濕而無火者忌用。
藜蘆，苦參及玄參三者均易引致心律失常，血壓下降等反應，配伍應用可能增強毒性作用。
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)

wei ling xian 威靈仙

Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名：Radix Clematidis
Biological name 拉丁學名：Clematis chinensis Osbeck (威靈仙)/ Clematis terniflora DC. var. mandshurica (Rupr.) Ohwi (東北鐵線蓮)/ Clematis hexapetala Pall., (綿團鐵線蓮, 黑薇, 山蓼.)/ Clematis uhcinata Champ. (柱果鐵線蓮)/ Clematis manshurica Rupr. (東北鐵線蓮)
Common Name 英文名：clematis
Other Names 別名﹕tie pi wei ling xian 鐵皮威靈仙﹐shan mu tong 山木通﹐ling xian 靈仙, tie jiao wei ling xian 鐵腳威靈仙。
Distribution 分佈：
Clematis uhcinata Champ. ex Benth.is being used in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangx provinces of China.
Clematis hexapetala Pall. is being used in northeastern provinces, northern provinces, and Shandong Jiangxu provinces.
Clematis manshurica Rupr is being used in northeastern provinces.
柱果鐵線蓮 又名老虎師藤，使用於廣東、廣西、貴州、四川、福建、浙江、江西。
山蓼 又名綿團鐵線蓮、黑薇。使用於東北、華北、山東、江蘇。
東北鐵線蓮使用於東北。
Properties (characteristics) 性味：
acrid, salty, warm, slightly bitter, mildly toxic.
味辛咸, 微苦, 溫﹐有小毒.
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經:
bladder, liver
膀胱﹐肝
Actions & Indications 主治：
for rheumatoid arthritis, gouts, pain in the lower back and limbs, strokes, headaches, rids of phlegm, promotes urination, helps
menses, for treatment of deeply lodged fish bones in the throat, tonsillitis, tetanus, and beriberi.
風濕，痛風，腰膝四肢疼痛，中風，頭風， 消痰涎 ， 利尿 ， 通經 ， 魚骨鯁喉 ， 扁桃體 炎 ， 破傷風 ， 腳氣 。
Medical Function 藥理:
1. increases bile secretion and relaxes the muscles of the bile tract.
2. anti-malaria
3. lowers blood pressure
4. promotes urination
5. relieves pain.
1. 增進膽汁分泌與使膽管的肌肉放鬆。
2. 抗瘧疾
3. 降血壓
4. 利尿
5. 止痛
Chemical Ingredients/ 化學成份:
Clematis manshurica/ 東北鐵線蓮--
isoferulic acid/ 異阿魏酸
clematoside A,  B, C/ 鐵線蓮甙 A,B,C
3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid/ 3,4-二甲氧基桂皮酸
3-O-acetyloleanolic acid/ 3-O-乙酰齊墩果酸
D-mannitol/ D-甘露醇
daucos-terol/ 胡蘿卜甙
β-sitosterol/ β-谷甾醇
Root contains 根中含:
minecoside / 米內甙
catalpol/ 梓醇
6-O-veratrylcatalpolester/ 6-O-藜蘆基梓醇酯
aucubin/ 桃葉珊瑚甙
6-deoxy-8-isofer-uloylharpagide/ 6-去氧-8-異阿魏酸哈帕甙
β-sitosteryl3-O-D-glucoside/ β-谷甾醇-3-O-D-葡萄糖甙
campesteryl3-O-D-glucoside/ 菜油甾醇3-O-D-葡萄糖甙
β-sitosterol/ β-谷甾醇
campesterol/ 菜油甾醇
stigmasterol/ 豆甾醇
mannitol/ 甘露醇
Seeds contain 種子含：
palmitic acid/ 棕櫚酸
stearic acid/ 硬脂酸
oleic acid/ 油酸
linoleic acid/ 亞油酸
Clematis chinensis 威靈仙--
anemonol/ 白頭翁腦
protoanemonin/ 原白頭翁腦,（原白頭翁素,原銀蓮花素）
prosapogenine/ 次皂苷元
aristolochic acid/ 馬兜鈴酸
Dosage 用量﹕6 - 12 g
Cautions 禁忌：
Not to be used in cases of qixu (qi deficient) and blood deficient or during pregnancy.
Large dosages and/or long term usage can be toxic to kidneys.
大劑量或長期服用可能對腎臟有毒因為本品含兜鈴酸。氣虛﹐血虛體弱者，或懷孕者忌用。
Note: [n] for bibliography consult Research Librarian
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)

long dan cao 龍膽草

Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Radix Gentianae longdancao
Biological name 學名﹕Gentiana scabra Bge/ Gentiana   triflora Pall., 三 花 龍 膽/ Gentiana manshurica Kitag/ Gentiana regescens Fransh/ Gentiana arisanensis Hayata 阿里山龍膽
Other Names 別名﹕long dan 龍膽/ long cao 膽草/ ku dan 苦膽/ ling you 陵游/ guan yin cao 觀音草
Common Name 常用英文名﹕gentiana
Distribution 分佈﹕
throughout China: Northeastern provinces (Manchuria), Anhui, Jingjiang of Jiangsu,Shandong. Those produced in Huzhou of Zhejiang is deemed best.
全中國﹐ 尤其在東北﹐ 安徽﹐ 江蘇﹐ 山東。 浙江湖州產 的一般認為品質較佳。
Properties (characteristics) 性味：bitter, cold, non toxic 苦寒無毒
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕gallbladder, liver, stomach/ 肝 ﹐膽﹐膀胱
Actions & Indications 用途﹕
expels damp heat from liver and gallbladder channels with symptoms of high fever and seizures, red swollen sore throat and eyes, swollen and painful ears or sudden loss of hearing,  boils in mouth and tongue, hepatitis with jaundice, vaginal discharge, damp and itchy groln area, cystitis, inflammation of the urethra, boils on skin, feverish malaria, chronic gastritis, eczema, conjunctivitis, hypertension with dizziness and tinnitus, malaria, and herpes zoster.
高熱驚厥，目赤咽痛，口舌生瘡， 濕熱黃疸，帶下，陰部濕癢，膀胱炎，尿道炎，疥瘡，瘧疾發熱，慢 性胃黏膜炎，皮膚濕疹﹐血壓高兼頭暈耳鳴﹐帶狀庖疹。
Medical Function 藥理﹕
1. Decoction of long dan cao inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa﹐ Proteus species, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureaus, certian skin fungi and Leptospirosis.
2. Anti-inflammation.
3. sedative effect
4. muscle relaxing effect
5. Small amount taken half hour before meals can stimulate the digestive system and promotes bile, hydrochloride acid and other digestive enzymes secretion; thus promotes appetite. If taken after meals causes the secretion of digestive juices to go down. If large amount  is taken, it interferes with digestion, sometimes creates headache and dizziness.
6. lowers ALT, choleretic effect; and protects liver from damage
7. anti-oxidant effect [1]
8. anti-tuberculosis [2]
9. inhibits production of melanin
1. 龍膽煎劑對綠膿桿菌 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) ﹐變形桿菌（Proteus species） ﹐傷寒桿菌 (Salmonella typhi)﹐金黃 色葡萄 球菌（Staphylococcus aureaus） ﹐某些皮膚真菌及鈎端 螺絲體 (Leptospirosis) 等 ，均有 一定的抑制作用；
2. 抗炎作用﹔
3. 鎮靜作用﹔
4. 使肌肉鬆弛作用﹔
5. 龍膽草少量飯前口服 ，可反 射性增強胃液分泌，並能增加游離酸，有助消化，增進食慾。如飯後服食則會使消化液體分泌下降。大劑量影響消化有時可致頭暈﹐頭痛。
6. 保肝降低谷丙轉氨脢 ﹐ 與保護肝臟﹐利膽作用。
7. 抗氧化作用
8. 抗肺結核病作用
9. 阻擋角質細胞傳遞產生黑色素訊息到黑色素母細胞，阻斷黑色素的生成。 
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
gentiopicrin C16H25O 1/2 H20/ 龍胆苦甙
gentianose C18H32O16/ 龍膽三醣
swertiamarin/ 獐牙菜苦甙
gentisin/ 龍胆酮
gentiobiose/ 龍膽二糖
gentisic acid/ 龍胆酸
Dosage 用量﹕
03 to 3 g per day as decoction or powder form
一日量﹕0.3 ~ 3 克﹐水煎或作粉劑。
Samples of formulae 複方樣本:
to strengthen digestive system--
1. long dan cao 2 g, da huang 1 g, huang bai  1 g, water 400 c.c. Simmer till 150 c.c. Make into 3 serving per day. (source: He Han Yao Ying Yong Fang)
2. long dan cao powder 0.5 g, huang bai  powder 0.5 g, sheng jiang powder 0.3 g, hui xiang powder 0.3 g, ji nei jin powder 0.5 g, burnt shan zha powder 1 g, gui zhi powder 0.3 g, mix together.  Make into 3 servings per day.
治胃弱--
1. 龍膽草2克 ， 大黃 1克 ，黃 柏 1 克﹐ 水400公 撮，煎至150公 撮，一日三回分服。
2. 龍膽草末0.5克 ，黃 柏末0.5克 ，生薑末0.3克 ， 桂 枝 末0.3克 ，茴香末0.3克 ，雞內金末0.5克 ，山查炭末1克 ，以上混和，一日三回分服。（和漢藥應用方）
Cautions 禁忌﹕
not to use in case of diarrhea due to pixu (spleen deficient) . Be careful not to use gui jiu by mistake. Gui jiu is a poisonous herb for cancer treatment.
脾虛﹐便溏及非實火症忌用.
注 意﹕龍膽草與鬼臼的形狀相似。鬼臼是用 來治癌症。有毒。
Notes: 
[1] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Jan 15;1389(2):81-90. Isoorientin-6"-O-glucoside, a water-soluble antioxidant isolated from Gentiana arisanensis.Ko FN, Chu CC, Lin CN, Chang CC, Teng CM.
Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
[2] Zhong Yao Tong Bao. 1985 Dec;10(12):33-4.
[Antituberculous constituents of Gentiana rhodantha]
[Article in Chinese], Liu YW.
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)

Formula 38 for Benign Neoplasm of Brain

Formula 38 for Benign Neoplasm of Brain/ Sep 24, 2014

Composition:
天麻鉤藤飲 tian ma gou teng yin 4g
炙甘草湯 zhi gan cao tang 2g
葛根黃連黃岑湯 ge gen huang lian huang qin tang 2g
天麻粉 tian ma powder 2g
全蠍粉 quan xie powder 0.8g
肉桂粉 rou gui powder 0.2g
木香 mu xiang 0.8g
火麻仁 huo ma ren 1.2g
牛膝(懷) huai niu xi 0.8g
杜仲 du zhong 1g
枳殼 zhi ke 0.8g
菖蒲(石) shichangpu 0.8g
大黃 da huang 0.1g
蔓荊子 man jing zi 1.5g

Recent prescription 20141113

du zhong 杜仲

Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Cortex Eucommiae Ulmoidis
Biological name 學名﹕
Eucommia ulmoide Oliv.
Parabarium spp. and Euonymus spp. are also used as substitutes for this  herb
Common Name 英 文普通名﹕eucommia bark
Other Name 別名 ﹕si lian pi 絲連皮，che si pi 扯絲皮，si mian pi 絲棉皮，yu xi pi 玉絲皮，si zhong 思仲
Distribution 分佈 ﹕
western part of Henan, southern part of Shaanxi, eastern part of Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, and some scattered part of Hunan.
河南西部，陜西南部，甘肅東部，四川，貴州，湖北，湖南亦都有零星分 佈。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕
sweet, slightly acrid, and warm
甘，略辛，溫 。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕
liver and kidney channels
入肝，腎經。
Actions & Indications 功用﹕
Tonic for liver and kidney; strengthening  muscles and bones; and stabilizing pregnancy
1. use in liver and kidney deficiency: chronic pain in lower back and knees, lack of strength, dizziness, impotence, irregular menses and frequent urination.
2. use in weakness during pregnancy, unstable pregnancy, chronic pain in lower back and excessive movements of fetus.
3. use in hypertension
補 肝 腎，強筋骨，安胎。
1. 用於肝腎不足，腰膝疼痛，乏力，眩暈，陽痿，月經不調 ﹐小便頻數等症。
2. 用於孕婦體虛，胎元不固，腰痠，胎動。
3. 用於血壓高
Medical Function 藥理 ﹕
1. effect on circulatory system
2. effect on immune system
3. anti inflammatory effect
4. sedative and anesthesia effect
5. effect on stress
6. effect on uterus
7. diuretic  effect
8. anti-aging effect
9. lowering blood pressure effect.
10. antibiotic effect:.it can inhibit Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus anthracis
11. 對血液循環作用
12. 對免疫作用
13. 抗炎作用
14. 鎮靜止痛作用
15. 抗心理壓力作用
16. 排水作用
17. 抗老作用
18. 降血壓作用
19. 抗菌作用：杜仲水煎劑對結核桿菌，福氏痢疾桿菌，大腸桿菌， 綠膿桿菌，金黃色葡萄球菌，肺炎球菌，炭疽桿菌等有明顯抑制作用
Chemical ingredients 化學成份﹕
1. (1)[(+) -pinoresinol O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside], [+ - pinoresinol di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside] [1], (pinoresinol di-beta-D-glucoside) [2], [+) -1-hydroxypinoresinol 4', 4" - di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][3,8],[(+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol 4'-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][4], [(+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol 4"-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][4,8],[(+)-epipinoresinol][9].
(2)  [liriodendrin, (+) -syringaresinol-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][1], [(+)-syringa resinol  O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][3], (syringylglycerol-Beta-syringaresinol ether 4", 4'"-di-O-Beta-Dglucopyranoside0[6,8], [(+)-syringaresinol monoglucoside][9], (syringin)[7].
(3) [- -olivil 4', 4"-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][3], [(-) -olivil], [(+)-cyclo-olivil][4], [(-) -olivil 4'-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside], [(-) -olivil 4"-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][5], [(-) -olivil 4', 4"-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][8].
(4)Medioresinol (+) -Medioresinol di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside [1,8], Eucommin A[(+) -medioresinol 4'-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside][3.8], (+) -Medioresinol monoglucoside [9], Hedyotol C 4", 4'"-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside (guaiacylglycerrol-Beta-medioresinol ether 4", 4'" di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside)[5, 8].
(5) (cpmoferom)[7], (dehydrodiconife4ryl alcohol-4, gamma'-di-O0betta-D-glucopyranoside[6,8]
erytho-dihydroxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, threo-dihydroydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol.
2. eucommiol [10,11], eucommioside [11], eucommioside-I [8,12]
Dosage 用量﹕
12  to 15 g in decoction.
12 ~ 15 克， 煎服。
Samples of formulae 處方舉例 ﹕
- du huo ji sheng tang 獨活寄生湯
- tian ma gou teng yin 天麻鉤藤飲
- you gui wan  右歸丸　
- gu shen an tai yin 固腎安胎飲
Modern Usage 現代應用﹕
1. for rheumatoid arthritis
2. for sciatica
3. for hypertension
1. 風濕性關節炎
2. 坐骨神經痛
3. 血壓高
Cautions禁忌﹕
Not suitable for  patients with yinxu (yin deficient) with heat.
According to Ben Cao Jing Shu, this herb is not suitable for those who are kidney deficient with high heat. If to use it, it should be used with huang bai and zhi mu.
陰虛火旺者不宜。
《 本草經疏 》︰" 腎虛火 熾者不宜用。即用當與黃 柏 ，知 母同入。"
[n] see Research Librarian
(by Joe Hing Kwok Chu)

mu xiang 木香

mu xiang 木香
Qing mu xiang （青木香）a wrong substitute, belongs to Aristolochia family, which is toxic to the kidneys.
Pharmaceutical name 英文藥名﹕Radix Aucklandiae
Botanical name 學名﹕Aucklandia lappa Deene/ Saussurea lappa Clarke/ Inula racemosa, Hook fil (土木香，藏木香)/ Aucklandia costus, Falk
Other Names 別 名﹕
guang mu xiang (orginally those that imported from India and came through Guangdong province), yun mu xiang (those grown in Yunnan province)
廣木香(原為印度產木香﹐經廣東入口)﹐雲木香(於雲南種植的木香)
Common Name 英文名﹕costus root.
Distribution 產地﹕mainly in Yunnan, also in Sichuan and Tibet/ 主產於云南。四川﹐ 西藏也有生產。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕acrid, bitter, warm/ 辛﹐苦﹐溫。
Channels (meridians) entered 歸經﹕gallbladder, large intestine, spleen, stomach/ 膽﹐大腸﹐脾﹐胃。
Medical functions 藥理﹕
anti fungus
improves movements of digestive tract, relieves flatulence and pain.
anti HBV antigen[1]
抗真菌
促進胃腸蠕動，緩解胃腸氣脹疼痛
抗乙型肝炎病毒，
Actions & Indications 主治﹕
flatulence and pain in the abdomen, diarrhea, vomiting caused by weak digestion. For bronchitis, digestive tract infection: yeast infection, dysentery, and lack of appetite.
氣滯胸腹脹痛，霍亂吐瀉，痢疾 ，裏急後重，慢性胃腸炎 (細菌或真菌感染)，支氣管炎﹐食慾不振。
Chemical ingredients 化學成份--
Evaporating oil 揮發油：
Aplotaxene/ 雲木香烯 (單紫杉烯)
(+)-β-costol/ (+)-β-木 香醇
Dehydrocostus lactone/ 脫氫木香內酯
Dihydrodehydrocostus lactone/ 二氫脫 氫木香內酯
α- ionone/ α- 紫 羅蘭酮
β-selnene/ β-芹子烯
saussure alactone/ 風毛菊內酯
Costic acid/ 木香酸
Castunolide/ 木香烯內酯
β-costene/ β-木香烯 (α- 木 香烴)
α- costene/ α- 木 香烯 (α- 木 香烴)
β-elemene/ 欖香烯
β-selinene/ 芹子烯
Dihydrocostunolide/ 二氫木香內酯
Costus lactone/ 木香內酯
Friedelin/ 無羈帖
terpenoids type essential oil/  烯帖類精油
Organic ingredients 有機成份：
Palmitic acid/ 棕櫚酸
Linderic acid/ 天台烏藥酸
Also contains 另含：
calcium oxalate/ 草酸鈣
Dosage 用 量﹕3 ~ 10 g.
Samples of formulae 處方舉例﹕
xiang sha liu jun zi tang 香砂六君子湯
gui pi tang  歸脾湯
Toxicity & Cautions 毒素與禁忌﹕
Beware of using the wrong substitute,  qing mu xiang (root of ma dou ling) (Aristolochia delibis Sieb.) is toxic for the kidneys.
Do not use mu xiang in cases of yinxu (yin deficient) condition.
Allergic reaction: mild abdominal pain, itchiness, tightness in chest
area, and diarrhea.
青木香有毒﹐為 馬兜鈴之根﹐對腎 臟有大毒。不可用。
陰虛， 津液不足 者 慎服木香。 不良反應包括：輕微腹痛，發痒，胸悶，腹瀉。
Note: [1] Antiviral Res. 1995 May;27(1-2):99-109.
(by Joe Hing kwok Chu)

ge gen huang qin huang lian tang 葛根黃芩黃連湯

ge gen huang qin huang lian tang 葛根黃芩黃連湯
ge gen qin lian tang 葛根芩連湯
(ge gen huang qin huang lian tang)
By: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

Name of Formula: ge gen qin lian tang (shang han lun)
Application: diarrhea, dysentery, hot and thirsty, arrhythmia, protects against lack of oxygen.
Composition:
ge gen 15 g﹐huang qin 9 g﹐huang lian 9 g﹐zhi gan cao  5 g。
Make into decoction and use as tea.
方名﹕ 葛根芩連湯 (葛根黃芩黃連湯) (傷寒論)
葛根 15 克﹐黃芩 9 克﹐黃蓮 9 克﹐炙甘草  5 克。
水煎服。
主解表清裏，清熱解毒。降低心跳速率﹐抗心率不整及抗缺氧。
主治﹕腹瀉﹐痢疾﹐身熱煩渴等症。

<Wind Heat - Heat>
Ge Gen Huang Qin Huang Lian Tang 葛根黃芩黃連湯
Kudzu, Coptis, and Scutellaria Decoction
Function: releases exterior, clears Heat
Composition:
Ge Gen Radix pueraria 15-24g
Huang Qin Radix scutellariae 9g
Huang Lian Rhizome coptidis 6g
Zhi Gan Cao Honey fried radix glycyrrhizae uralensis 6g
Indications: Wind heat with internal middle jiao heat and LI heat and damp causing dysentery.  It is a taiyang and yangming disease where the exterior has not been completely released and the interior shows excess Heat (with possible dampness).  This may be caused by treatment of an exterior invasion with purgatives which sends the pathogen deeper into the yangming causing fetid diarrhea with a burning anus.  There will be fever and sweating, thirst, T- red with yellow coat, P- rapid, because of the internal Heat, with irritability and a sensation of Heat in the chest. One may also see wheezing.  It is said that this condition is 7/10 interior and 3/10 exterior, hence the concentration on the interior Heat.
Huo xiang zheng qi san may be used in this case if the Heat is not as severe and there is a greater presence of Damp.   Bai tou weng tang may be combined with the ge gen qin lian tang if dysentery is more severe.
References: Shang Han Lun